- 期刊
阿賴耶識的內涵與外延－評陳一標〈有關阿賴耶識語義的變遷〉
The Connotations and Denotations of Alaya Consciousness-Comment on Chen Yibiao's "About the Change of the Literal Meaning of Alaya Consciousness"
摘要
阿賴耶識又稱爲第八識、藏識、異熟識、阿陀那識、心、所知依等等，祂是大乘最重要的秘密法，不共聲聞與緣覺。阿賴耶識的存在是一種客觀的事實，所以祂有具體的內涵與外延，也能讓人觀察到祂的存在。祂有種種的性狀，而經論在描述祂時各有側重，以致在表面上看來差距很大，但在實證阿賴耶識的人看來，這些都是正確的描述。 大部分的西方和日本學者，都把佛教當做思想來研究，這其實是違背經教的，經教中處處皆有要求實證的文字記載。這些學者因爲偏見與方法上的錯誤，所得的結論也錯得很離譜。 阿賴耶識的內涵包括：祂是無始以來的存在，是不待他緣、本然的存在，是諸法的根本因；祂隱藏於肉體內，維持眾生的壽命，是眾生所貪愛的對象，並且爲眾生內執爲我。以上內涵，《阿含經》皆曾隱約的提及。 阿賴耶識的外延，則不是語言文字所能夠表述的，因爲祂正是語言文字所指涉的真實事物。這只有大乘見道的菩薩能夠了知。
並列摘要
The Alaya consciousness, or called the eighth consciousness, store consciousness, Vipaka consciousness, Adana consciousness, mind, what the perception depends on, etc., is the most important secret dharma of Mahayana and not included in the dharma of sound-hearer or solitary-realizer. The existence of Alaya consciousness is an objective fact; therefore, it has concrete connotations and denotations and its existence is observable. With lots of natures and states, it is described with different focuses among sutras and treatises so that the descriptions seem very different outwardly. But for those who have personally experienced the Alaya consciousness, these descriptions are all correct. Most Western and Japanese researchers study Buddhism by regarding it as a thought. It in fact conflicts with the teachings of sutras. There is lots of recoded evidence about the requirement of personal experience in sutras. Those researchers, due to their prejudices and mistakes in methods, have drawn wrong conclusions with significant errors. The connotations of Alaya consciousness include: it independently and originally exists since the beginningless time and is the root cause of all dharmas; it hides in the physical body and sustains sentient being’s life; it is the object which each sentient being is greedy for and it is the self to whcih each sentient being. is internally attached to. These connotations have been indistinctly mentioned in The Agama Sutras. On the other hand, the denotations of Alaya consciousness can not be described through language because it is the real object which the language refers to. Only those Mahayana bodhisattvas who have personally experienced it can understand.