聽力損失帶來的另類威脅：談聽力損失兒童的初階心智理論發展

An Alternative Threat Brought by Hearing Loss: Discussing the Initial Theory of Mind Development in Children with Hearing Loss

劉秀丹(Hsiu-Tan Liu)

《特殊教育季刊》 169期 (2023/12) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6217/SEQ.202312_(169).1-10

摘要

心智理論（Theory of mind）是人與人能順利溝通互動的重要先備技能。聽力損失兒童的心智理論發展比一般典型聽力兒童落後，因此本文的目的在於透過文獻整理，針對聽損兒童的初階心智理論發展以及促進策略進行說明，期待引起家長及教師及相關專業教育人員的重視，並及早提供合適的介入方法。本文先說明一般幼童的初階心智理論發展重要里程，接著透過文獻分析，闡釋聽損兒童在心智理論發展上面臨的挑戰，最後著重在有證據本位的三種介入方法，分別是補語句型的教學、親子心智言談質量的提升、思想泡泡等。

關鍵字

聽力損失 ； 心智理論 ； 心智言談 ； 思想泡泡

並列摘要

Theory of mind is an essential prerequisite skill for successful communication and interaction between people. The development of theory of mind in children with hearing loss is delayed compared to children with typical hearing. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review the literature and explain the early development of the theory of mind in children with hearing loss and the strategies to promote it. The writer aims to inform the parents, teachers, and related professional educators of hearing loss children and to provide appropriate intervention methods as early as possible. This paper first explains the key milestones in the early development of theory of mind in typical young children. Then, through literature analysis, the writer elucidates the challenges faced by children with hearing loss in the theory of mind development and finally focuses on three evidence-based intervention methods: the teaching of complement clauses, the enhancement of the quality of parent-child mental talk, and the use of thought bubbles.

並列關鍵字

hearing loss ； theory of mind ； mental talk ； thought bubbles

參考文獻

方富熹,Wellman,劉玉娟,劉國雄,亢蓉(2009).縱向再探學前兒童心理理論發展模式.心理學報.41(8),706-714.

周育如,張鑑如(2008).親子共讀對幼兒敘說故事主角心智狀態之影響效果.教育心理學報.40(2),261-281.

陳瑞萍(2007).母親敘事方式與幼兒心智理解能力─臺日親子之比較(碩士論文).臺北市立大學.

Ambrose, S. E.,Walker, E. A.,Unflat-Berry, L. M.,Oleson, J. J.,Moeller, M. P.(2015).Quantityand quality of caregivers’ linguistic input to18-month and 3-year-old children who are hard ofhearing.Ear and Hearing.36,48S-59S.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (n.d.).Hearing Loss in Adults. https://www.asha.org/Practice-Portal/Clinical-Topics/Hearing-Loss/