- 期刊
金門太武山海印寺匾聯碑文化探索
The Cultural Research of the Tablets Couplets and Epigraphs in Haiin Temple in Taiwu Mountain in Kinmen
摘要
金門的「海印寺」位於金門最高仙山－太武山之山巔，海拔二五三公尺，南宋度宗咸淳年間（1265－1274年）肇建，初時稱為「太武巖寺」，距今已有七百多年之遙，稱為「海印古寺」實不為過。後因寺前方有類似香爐之地形，使整座太武山乍見宛若海中篆刻的一枚印章，於是易名為「海印寺」。又初始供奉「通遠仙翁」一人，後因觀音菩薩多次顯靈，而改奉之，並陪祀如來佛、地藏王菩薩、韋馱菩薩、十八羅漢…等，而成為佛教寺廟。緣於金門海島型自然環境殊異，長久以來，「海印寺」素為溫濕天候所侵蝕蛀毀，甚因國共戰爭影響，締造出多次修建紀錄，無形之中，對歷史文物的破壞和流失至深且鉅，匾額如此，楹聯如此，碑文和壁記亦復如此。若言匾額和楹聯是廟宇的裝飾門面，碑文和壁記則無異是寺廟的相關身份証明。藉由匾、聯、碑的明晰載記，不論是廟史沿革、神祇供奉、修建詳情、神靈事蹟、名人題作詩文…等，無不全都刊錄，永存史實。而此些含括文化經濟、人文歷史、文學藝術的真實載體，以及「戰地政務」軍管期間，中央官員與金門頻仍互動、軍民之間時相互助的歷史真相，皆可由現存古廟文物獲得印證。解讀海印寺的匾額、楹聯、碑記文化，正傳釋著此番訊息，也正做出歷史的見證！
並列摘要
The Haiin Temple of Kinmen is situated on the highest elf land’s hill – Taiwu Mountain with an altitude of 253 m. The temple had been constructed during the rign period of Emperor Duzong of the Southern Song Dynasty (A. D. 1265-1274); it has been called ”Taiwuyen Temple” at the beginning, but today, if we call it as ”Haiin ancient temple” wont be overemphasized because it had been established more than seven hundred years ago. Later, people has changed its name to ”Haiin Temple” due to the front landform that was similar with a censer, maing the whole Taiwu mountain be just like a seal graced in the sea if you meet it for the very first time. Initiallly, people enshrined the Tong-Yuan immotal, but afterwards people enshrined the Buddhist Bodhisattva of Mercy (Guan Yin) owing to the epiphany, consecrated also the Buddha (Rulaifo), the Kshitigarbha Bodhissattva (Di Zang Wang Pu Sa), the Skanda Bodhisattva (Wei Tuo Pu Sa), the Arhat Garden (the Eighteen arhat)… etc. and became a Buddhist Holy Temple.Thanks to the particular natural environment of Kinmen island, the Haiin temple has been eroded for a long time by the warm and humid climate. It also has set many times of repairing records as a result of the war between K. M. T. and C. C. P. and caused a severe destruction and the loss of the historical relics imperceptibly. Not only the tablet and the couplets were written on two columns, but also the inscriptions and the ancient prose were damaged seriously.If the tablets and the couplets were the decorations of the facade, the inscription and the ancient prose were tantamount to the relative identification of the temple. The chronicle of the temple, the enshrined gods, the detail of restoration, the divine manigestation, the poetry and prose of famous people… etc., had been recorded by means of the written records of tablets, couplets and epitaphs that had been put down in writing distinctly and conserved permanently as historical facts. These records that included the authentic documentation of culture, economy, humane history, literature and art, and the historical facts of the interaction between the officials of central government and Kinmen and of the cooperation between military and citizens during the ”Government affairs of battlefields” the military controlling period could be proven by the existing cultural relics of this ancient temple. The job of decoding the tablets, couplets and the cultural of inscription is sprading and explaining the ancient messages and witnessing its history.