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口號詩探析—以《全唐詩》為考察對象
Probe into Slogan Poems by-"Quan Tang Shi" as the Object Investigated
摘要
在英文中，標語和口號分享同一個辭彙「slogan」，其源於古蘇格蘭語，原意為軍隊的吶喊聲。口號多用言語的方式表達，標語則是口號的物化形式。由此可見，標語和口號的重要特徵是容易上口，主旨鮮明，其目的在於塑造權威的主力。而在中國的詩歌史上，自梁簡文帝蕭綱有〈仰和衛尉新渝侯巡城口號詩〉之後，歷來名家如王維、李白、杜甫、歐陽脩、蘇軾等皆有以「口號」為題之詩，且歷代皆有人作。但到底什麼是口號詩？其體製、內容與其他詩作有何不同？唐代去六朝未遠，且唐詩眾體皆備，後世在詩歌的創作上都難出其範疇，故本文以《全唐詩》中以「口號」命題者為考察對象，並輔以中國古典詩歌的文學批評典型－詩話，來一窺此類詩歌的特質，即可發現所謂的「口號」詩，除其作者遍及社會各階層外，在體製與內容上也頗多樣化。此外，古人在寫作口號詩時仍然重視詩歌的結構和布置，惟因其有「草成速就」及「率然而成」的特點，故對於詩人而言，此類詩雖較難登大雅之堂，卻也增加了詩人暢所欲言的廣度，也因此才會產生不被重視卻受歡迎的矛盾現象。
並列摘要
In English, banners and slogans share the same vocabulary ”slogan”, derived from the Scotch language, intended for the cries of the army. Slogan with the words to express the slogan is the slogan of the physical and chemical form. Thus, an important feature of the banners and slogans are catchy, the subject is bright, with the aim of shaping the authority of the main. In the history of Chinese poetry, from Emperor Jianwen Xiao Gang ＜Yang Wei Wei, Yu-Hou Xun Cheng slogans Poetry has always been masters such as Wang Wei, Li Bai, Du Fu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi there are to the slogan ”the title of poetry, and history Jieyou people make. But in the end what is the slogan of poetry? What is the difference between its institutional, content and other poems? Tang Dynasty to the Six is not far, and Tang public body are prepared, later in the creation of poetry is immune to its scope, the slogan ”proposition” to ”Full Tang subject for examination and supplemented by classical Chinese poetry literary Criticism the typical - poetry, a glimpse of such poetry qualities can be found in the so-called ”slogan” poetry, in addition to its author throughout all levels of society in the system and the content is also quite diverse. In addition, the ancients emphasis on the structure and layout of the poetry in writing slogans poetry still, except for the ”grass into speed” and ”rate, however as” features, it is for the poet, such poetry is difficult to login Daya the Church, but also increases the breadth of the poet to speak out, and thus will produce the paradox of not being taken seriously but popular.