- 期刊
記得綠島－人權、遺產及永續性－社會企業創新概念的介入
Remembering Green Island: Human Rights, Heritage and Sustainability from the Perspective of Social Enterprise
摘要
東臺灣的綠島東北角於白色恐怖時代所設的政治犯監獄於2001年設立為人權紀念園區，2011年12月10日國際人權日，園區納入國家人權博物館籌備處管理。以「人權」之名所設的園區是否以國家之名敘述國家歷史，還是國家侵害人權的歷史？將是博物館的挑戰。藉助遺產、博物館、人權、文化、社會企業等人文學科的研究成果，本文檢視已開放十五年的綠島人權園區命名和任務的難題、挑戰、矛盾與內涵，以及我國人民爭取人權的歷史脈絡，浮現出人權園區的治理機制何去、何從的疑問。本文分析人權和遺產之間的關係，認為以地方社群為主體，導入詮釋人權歷史的「社會企業」精神和作為，有益於東臺灣的各方整體發展。從跨領域學科的研究，探討當代臺灣社會的人權、公共領域，本文認為綠島具有我國歷經民主化過程中「探索自由人權」的遺產獨特性。透過永續遺產觀點和觀光長遠發展的批判策略，導入「社會企業」的文化治理概念，將帶來廣泛的在地住民和區域多元文化、民主發展的挑戰。同時，這樣的遺產有機會成為亞洲的典範。
並列摘要
Located on the northeast coast of Green Island southeast of Taiwan, the Green Island Human Rights Memorial Park was formally established in 2001. The park, which is on the site of Taiwan`s former prisons for political prisoners during the four decades of ＂White Terror,＂ was transferred to the management of the National Human Rights Museum Preparatory Office on International Human Rights Day on December 10, 2011. Given the term ＂human rights＂ in its name, the question of whether the park's function is primarily to elucidate national history for the State or relate the history of the oppression of human rights by the State will be the museum's prime challenge. With the assistance of the results of research in diverse fields such as heritage, museum studies, human rights, culture and social enterprise, this essay reviews the dilemmas, challenges, contradictions and meaning of the Green Island Human Rights Park during its 15 years of operation, the core themes in the historical struggle by the people of our country for human rights and the doubts which have surfaced regarding the future of the human rights park management institutions. This essay analyses the relationship between human rights and historical heritage and maintains that placing local communities as the subject of and using the spirit and practice of social enterprise to interpret human rights history would be beneficial for all aspects of development in eastern Taiwan. From the angle of cross-disciplinary research, public sphere and the exploration of the role of human rights in Taiwan society, public space, this essay maintains that Green Island represents an unique heritage for ＂exploring freedom and human rights＂ in the process of our country's democratization. Introducing the cultural governance concept of ＂social enterprise＂ through a critical strategy for sustainable heritage concept and long term development of tourism can bring widespread challenges for local resident communities, cultural pluralism and democratic development. At the same time, this kind of heritage has the opportunity of becoming a model for Asia.