- 期刊
Anatomical Studies on the Brain of Macaca Cyclopis (Swinhoe)
臺灣獼猴腦髓之解剖學的研究－第Ⅰ報 腦髓之計測
摘要
關于臺灣獼猴腦髓之解剖學的研究迄今尚未有先人報告。著者擬對其腦髓施予詳盡的觀察研究而將予闡明其外部形態和內部構造的特殊性，並願加予做一番的敘述和比較研究。本研究計劃可分為I）腦髓之計測。II）腦髓之外部形態（腦溝，腦囘之形式）。Ⅲ）腦髓各部的內部構造等。本篇論文乃為本計劃一連串的工作中首先完成的腦髓計測部份。著者使用22隻臺灣獼猴之腦髓依照先人的計測方法從事詳細的計測後以統計學的方法算出其平均值及u^2。本研究所獲的結果同時又與其他猿類及人類之成績做比較研究。著者盼望本研究能對靈長類腦髓之解剖學的研究和發展有所貢獻。茲將其摘要發表於後，敬請惠予指正。（1）臺灣獼猴之腦重為83.13 grams，其腦重與體重之比率為1：56.51。（2）其腦長為69.76cm，腦寬為55.86cm，腦高為50.23cm。（3）其Brain module（Length + Breadth + Height/3為右=58.62，左=58.61。其Cerebral module （Length + Breadth + Height/3）為右=50.07，左=50.19。本值乃較類人猿者為小。（4）其Cephalic index為79.98，而屬於mesocephalic type。（5）其Temporal depth為右=20.88，左=20.93。本值在比較羣中佔最大。（6）依Shimada氏分類法知悉臺灣獼猴之腦高為Lower type，其半球寬度不十分膨大而屬於Middle type-b。（7）其Projective upper & lower fronto-rolandic indices為右=45.90，左=45.42。本值乃較人類，Chimpanzee和Orang-utan者為大。（8）臺灣獼猴之腦髓具有較大的Frontal length 及occipital length，而屬於Frontal and occial type。（9）胼胝體（腦梁）的面積為64.77 mm^2，Callosum index為27.25。本值乃較人類和Chimpanzee等為小。（10）其Rolandic angle為右=67.60˚，左=64.50˚，。其Sylvian angle為右=41.00˚，左=39.36˚。本值較大而與人類者相為接近。（11）中心溝對半球長度之示數為46.19。本值似乎較Gorilla（75.00）或人類（65.60～70.60）者為小。（12）視床間橋的面積為51.46mm^2。其形狀為卵圓或圓型者居多並且遠較人類者為發達。（13）胼胝體長與半球長之比率為2.54，本值乃與人類和類人猿者很接近。但胼胝體面積與其長度之比率為很小（2.34）。（14）腦幹角為128.54˚（依Ban氏法），和130.23˚（依Shimada氏法）。本值乃較人類者為大。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
The characteristic of the external morphology of twenty-two brains of Macaca cyclopia (Swinhoe) have been studied through a detailed scheme of encephalometry and the mean values and indices have been computed stastically with unbiased variance (u^2) The comparison has been also made with other five species of the primates. The results of measurements can be summarized as below: 1) The absolute brain weight of Macaca cyclopis is fairly small (83.15 grams in average), but its ratio to the body weight is relatively large (1:56.51). 2) The brain, size is about 69.76mm long, 55.86mm broad, and its height is 50.23mm. 3) The brain module (Length + Breadth + Height/3) is 58.62 in right side and 58.61 in left side. The cerebral module (L+B+H/3) is quite smaller than those of the anthropoid apes (right side is 50.07, and left side is 50.19). 4) The cephalic index is mesocephalic type (79.98). 5) The temporal depth index shows the largest value (right side=20.88, left side=20.93) among the compared group. 6) According to Shimada's classification, the brain height belong to the lower type and the breadth of hemisphere is not fairly swollen and belongs to the middle type-b. 7) The average value of the projective upper and lower fronto-rolandic indices related to Macaca cyclopis (right side=45.90, left side=45.42) is somewhat larger than that of man, chimpanzee and orang-utan. 8) The brain of Macaca cyclopis shows a relatively large frontal and occipital length and seems to belong to both the frontal and occipital type. 9) The area of the corpus callosum is 64.77mm^2, and the callosum index (27.25) is clearly smaller than that of man and chimpanzee. 10) The Rolandic and Sylvian angles to the lateral horizontal line of Macaca cyclopis are also relatively large (Rolandic: right side=67.60˚, left side=64.50˚. Sylvian: right side=41.00˚, left side=39.36˚) and seems to show a close approximation to those of human brain. 11) The index of the central sulcus =-to the length of hemisphere is 46.19 and seems to show apparently smaller than that of gorilla (75.0) or man (65.6-70.6). 12) The area of adhaesio interthalamica is 51.46mm^2 and is generally between oval and round in shape and is remarkably well developed than that of the human brain. 13) The relation of length between the corpus callosum and the cerebral hemisphere found in Macaca cyclopis is 2.54 and appears to show a very approximation with that of man and anthropoid apes. While the value of area/length of corpus callosum for Macaca cyclopis is fairly small (2.34). 14) The brain stem angle shows to have considerbly larger value (128.54° by Ban's method and 130.23˚ by Shimada's method) than the human brain.