- 期刊
Role of Cardiopulmonary Receptors and Sino-Aortic Baroreceptors in General and Renal Circulatory Homeostasis
心肺受器和竇弓壓力受器對體循環和腎循環恒定的功能
摘要
當心肺受器（cardiopulmonary receptors）受刺激時，首先抑制腎臟交感神經的活性，除了引起反射性的釋放抗利尿激素（ADH）和腎素（renin）外，還導致腎臟血管舒張反應。若刺激竇弓壓力受器（sinoaortic baroreceptor），則在其他各部位，對血管發生作用，特別是在骨骼肌上。為測出正常生理情況下，由於血容急速變化量（±10克）所引起心肺受器的反應對腎循環的影響，本實驗將動物（兔）分為四組：（A）對照組，（B）切除迷走神經組，（C）切除竇弓神經組，（D）切除迷走竇弓神經組。記錄腎循環和體循環的反應，以決定迷走神經控制腎循環的功能。隨著逐步切除神經的情況（切除迷走神經，切除竇弓神經及切除迷走和竇弓神經），動物有漸進性高血壓和低心輸量的反應。當急速改變血容量時，引起腎血流速反應後，緊隨著就是心輸量變化，而這種情形，無論神經是否切除均會發生。換言之，血容量改變時，腎血流速的變化和整個個體的反應是相同的。因之，在正常生理狀況下，動物脈內低血壓受器或高血壓受器均不對腎血流速發生效應。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Cardiopulmonary receptors stimulation preferentially inhibits renal sympathetic nerve activity. Renal vasodilation may result in addition to reflex control of releases of ADH and renin. Sino-aortic baroreceptors stimulation on the other hand causes vasoactions elsewhere, particularly in the skeletal muscles. In order to determine whether changes in cardiopulmonary inputs (by acute blood volume shifts of ± 10% blood volume) have significant influence on the renal circulation under normal circumstances, experiments were carried out by using intact (A), vagotomized (B), sino-aortic denervation (SAD, C) and SAD and vagotomized (D) rabbits. This experimental design permitted determination of roles played by vagus nerves, and sino-aortic nerves in controlling renal circulation. General circulation was also characterized in these four groups of rabbits. Stepwise denervatious (vagotomy, SAD, and SAD with vagotomy) resulted in progressive hypertension and decrease in cardiac output. Responses of renal blood flow during acute blood volume changes followed closely the changes in cardiac output, regardless of their neural status. That is to say that renal blood flow changes during blood volume shift essential the same as that of whole body responses. It is concluded that neither ”low” nor ”high” pressure receptors exert a rather minimal influence on renal blood flow under normal physiological conditions.