- 期刊
五股蘆洲沼澤地生態和自然資源之調查
An Ecological Study on Wu-Ku and Lu-Chou Swamp
摘要
五股蘆洲沼澤為一新近形成之排水不良低地，其面積相當的廣闊，經過二年多的實地調查，由物理和化學因子來看，它很明顯的可以分為北、中、南三區。其水中磷酸鹽類和硝酸鹽類的含量都相當的高，除外，水中生化需量氧量（B.O.D5）一般都大於10 ppm以上，顯示出它已受到相當程度的污染。水中葉綠素a的含量都大於10 μg/l，它比起台灣西南沿海水域和經過施肥的魚池的水中所含之葉綠素a含量都要高。據此葉綠素a的含量來看，此沼澤已屬於一優養（Eutrophic）的水域。藻華（Algal Bloom）的現象隨時可見；主要由彈簧藻Spirulina sp.所引起。從光暗瓶法（Light & Dark Bottle Method），估計其總生產量（G. P）分別為31.17 mgC/m^3/hr～1371.32 mgC/m^3/hr。此更顯示出該區的生產力極高。在動物相中，生活在此沼澤的魚類計有12種，以吳郭魚的數量最多。軟體動物，計有腹足綱動物11種。節肢動物中，則以淡水長臂蝦的數量最多，至於鳥類相，有106種，分屬於12目31科。其中矛隼、家八哥、小鵐和紅領綠鸚鵡等為新記錄種在植物中，浮游藻類，大部屬於污水性的種類。高等植物計有50科152種，其中以漂浮布袋蓮為優勢種。由於水位的變化，故植物之消長隨時可見，其他物理、化學和生物因子間相互關係在文中都會論及。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Wu-ku and Lu-chou swamp is a newly formed aquatic environment, its total area is around 1000 hectacres. After a two years survey and analysis, the results showed that Wu-ku and Lu-chou swamp might be separated into three distinct areas (South, Central and North) according to the physical, and chemical factors. Besides the large amounts of Nitrate and Phosphate in the water, the high B.O.D5 values (＞ 10 ppm) also suggested that this swamp has been seriously polluted.Phytoplankton productivity of the water was measured by chlorophyll and, Light and Dark Bottle methods. ChIorophyll a contents in the water collected monthly were all above 10 μg/l, it was much higher than the contents measured from the coastal water around the island and a fertilized fish pond in Chupei. Chlorophyll a contents indicated that this was an eutrophic environment. Algal bloom occurred all year round. In most cases, it was caused by Spirulina sp. Gross primary productivities were calculated, and values falled within 31.17 mg C/m^3/hr. and 1371.32 mg C/m^3/hr. Both Chlorophyll a content and Gross Primary Productivity measured, suggest that Wu-ku and Lu-chou swamp is a highly productive area.The fauna and flora of the swamp were fantastic. Tweleve species of fishes were recorded. Among these, Tilapia mosambica was the most abundant species. Invertebrates which have been identified, included 11 species of gastropods, one species of freshwater shrimp, one freshwater planaria and one polychaete. The aquatic fauna list showed the characteristic of a swampy ecosystem. Along the edge of the water, total six species of frogs and two species of turtles were collected. As to the avian fauna, 106 species of birds, including 12 orders and 31 families were recorded. There was a high percentage of shore birds and marsh birds. Among birds observed, four species were new to the Check list. All phytoplankton recorded belonged to the polluted water species. Total 150 species of plants were identified. Water hyacinth was and biological the dominant aquatic plant in the area. The relationships among physical, chemical factors were discussed.