- 期刊
- OpenAccess
直列並排文氏管注入器肥灌系統之養液輸出性能研究
A Study on the Flow Rate Performance of Line-type Parallel Arrangement Venturi Injector of Fertigation System
摘要
肥灌系統的主要功能是將調配好的高濃度養液經過適當輸出量控制，讓適量的養液與灌溉水稀釋混合後輸送到作物根部區域，提供作物各階段生長所需，減少肥料與水資源浪費，具有節能減碳的功能。文氏管注入器的特性是沒有驅動元件，具有故障率低與不耗電的優點，其流量輸出重現性不錯，5組文氏管注入器之試驗數據變化呈現穩定且集中的結果，誤差約±3%；養液輸出量隨養液桶水位高度升高而增加，因此水位高度對吸入量有決定性的影響，而且1.5m與0.0m之輸出差值高達0.65ℓ/min，誤差為20%，因此建議養液桶底面積越大越好，減少水位高度對輸出量的影響；實測值比浮球面積式流量計之設定值為小，誤差百分比由0.26%到8%不等，此誤差值遠小於養液桶之水位誤差，電子式流量計之測值經過校正試驗，重現性很好，可據以了解養液實際輸出量。養液桶水位高度0.0m時養液實際輸出量約3.18至3.52ℓ/min，因此，養液輸出設定值以小於3ℓ/min為佳，此資料可配合主管路流量作為調配肥料稀釋比例之依據。整體性能顯示文氏管注入器確實可用於養液灌溉系統。
並列摘要
The fertigation system can manipulate the output volume of 5 sets Venturi type nutrient injectors that inject nutrients into the main pipe directly. The nutrients can be mixed during the path by the following filter and pipe lines before being dripped /micro-sprayed into the plant root area. Venturi injector does not have driving part so that can reduce malfunction and power consumption. The testing data reveal that Venturi injectors have good reproducibility and low fluctuation, the error percentage is about ±3%. Nutrient solution outputs depend on the level inside the nutrient tank, the height of the nutrient solution level has decisive impact to the nutrient output, and the error percentage is about 20%. So, the bottom area of nutrient tank is as bigger as possible to reduce the level impact on output. Nutrient actual output value is smaller than float-type flow meter of the setting value and bigger than detected value of electronic-type flow meter, the error percentage is about 0.26% to 8%. This error percentage is lower than the affect of nutrient tank level. The electronic-type flow meter also has good reproducibility after calibration, and can be used to monitoring the flow rate. The actual flow rate is about 3.18 to 3.52 l/min when nutrient tank put on the ground, thus the setting value of nutrient flow rate should ＜ 3 ℓ/min. This value may refer to the main pipe line flow rate to get proper nutrient content. Overall performance of the Venturi injector shows that actually can be used to support the fertigation system consists of saving labors, fertilizer and water, energy and reducing carbon emissions.