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臺中地區農田土壤肥力現況
The Soil Fertility in Taichung Distric Area
摘要
本研究係利用臺中區農業改良場土壤肥力分析資料，評估農業措施對臺中地區農田土壤肥力狀態之影響。由資料顯示，土壤有機質含量10-30 g kg^(-1)者分佔中、彰、投行政區的60%、68%和53%，土壤有機質含量高於30 g kg^(-1)者比例則較過去有顯著增加現象，另土壤有機質含量表現非對稱分布。土壤酸鹼值仍深受母質影響，但彰化縣果樹栽培區域存在土壤酸化風險。土壤Bray-1磷量和栽植作物種類相關，果樹植區普遍土壤Bray-1磷含量較高，且聚積表土。由土壤剖面交換性鉀分布顯示，臺中市表、底土約略等量，而彰化縣、南投縣表土含量高於底土。農業活動亦造成鎂等養分在土壤積累。大部分樣品土壤銅含量皆落在中等範圍，惟需注意土壤鋅含量有較高比例超標。
並列摘要
This study investigated soil nutrients and organic matter in Taichung Distric Area by using the data of soil analysis. The results showed that the proportion of soil organic matter content at 30 g kg^(-1) was significantly higher than before and the content of soil organic matter was asymmetric distribution. Soil pH was affected by parent materials, and data showed there was a tendency for soil acidfy under the orchids in Changhwa county. The soil phosphorus content was related to the crop. The soil phosphorus level under orchids was higher than cropland and it accumulated in topsoil. The distribution of exchangeable potassium in soil profile showed that the content of topsoil was equal to or higher than the subsoil's. The results indicated cultivation increased nutrients such as magnesium in the soil. In addition, the soil copper level under 20 mg kg^(-1), but the soil zinc content has a higher proportion of the exceeded(＞25 mg kg^(-1)).