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茄科與瓜果類常用藥劑對菸盲椿（半翅目：盲蝽科）感受性之影響
Susceptibility of Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae) to pesticides commonly used on Solanaceae and cucurbit crops
摘要
本文探討捕食性天敵菸盲椿（Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter）成蟲對茄科與瓜果類作物所推薦之8種殺蟲劑、8種殺蟎劑與9種殺菌劑之接觸毒及3種殺蟲劑殘留毒性試驗，並依國際生物防治組織IOBC（International Organization for Biological Control, IOBC）所制定之分級作為毒性之參考。試驗結果在室內接觸藥劑毒性試驗中，以納乃得校正死亡率94.9±5.1%最高，毒性分級為3級強毒性，達特南46.2±10.4%次之，亞滅培、益達胺、賽速安、派滅淨以及氟尼胺，校正死亡率皆低於10%，毒性為1級無毒性。在8種殺蟎劑以及9種殺菌劑，校正死亡率皆低於25%，毒性1級。選擇納乃得、達特南與派滅淨三種殺蟲劑進行半田間試驗，其中毒性殘留時間最長為達特南，需在施藥21天後才降至1級無毒性，此後依序為納乃得7天與派滅淨1天，建議施用此3種殺蟲劑需至無毒性之天數，再於田間釋放菸盲椿，以達到綜合應用天敵與化學藥劑防治之成效。
並列摘要
In this study, we evaluated the contact toxicity of 8 insecticides, 8 acaricides, 9 fungicides, and the residual toxicity of 3 insecticides to the predatory natural enemy Nesidiocoris tenuis. The timing of release of natural enemies was refered to the guidelines of IOBC (International Organization for Biological Control) evaluation categories. In the contact toxicity test, the corrected mortality percentage of the insecticides was 94.9 ± 5.1% for methomyl, which is as IOBC category 3. Also, according to corrected mortality percentages, dinotefuran was 46.2 ± 10.4%, and the following pesticides: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, pymetrozine, and flonicamid, were all 10% belowed , and classified as IOBC category 1 for harmless. For the 8 miteicides and 9 fungicides, all the corrected mortality percentages were less than 25%, and subjected as IOBC category 1. In this study, three insecticides were selected for the semi-field trial. The highest residual toxicity was dinotefuran, which was not until 21 days after application, and the persist toxicity was subsided to categorize of 1. Methomyl and pymetrozine were also subsided after 7 days and 1day, respectly. In conclusion, when conducting biological control and chemical control combination,by using these three insecticides, we suggest the natural enemies should not be released until the IOBC categories of three pesticides were 1.