- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Renal Ultrasound in Arterial Systemic Hypertension
摘要
In this review, we investigated the literature and its recommendations on the interpretation of findings and diagnostic criteria for renal ultrasound in arterial hypertension (HTN). HTN is defined as a persistent elevation of systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140 and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg when measured in the office, which is equivalent to an average of 24 h of ambulatory BP mapping ≥130/80 mmHg. The global prevalence of HTN was estimated at 1.13 billion in 2015. B-mode allows renal measurements and echogenicity assessment. Small kidneys suggest chronic kidney disease. The difference of 1.5-2 cm points to the presence of renovascular disease, especially if one of the kidneys is smaller than 9 cm. The Doppler signal reflects changes in intrarenal hemodynamics and the main renal arteries, allowing us to assume the degree of involvement of renal disease or the presence of stenosis of the renal arteries. The calculation of the resistive index allows estimating the risk of cardiovascular and renal disease when its value is >0.7 depending on the age of the patient. The velocity of the renal artery ≥200 cm/s reflects a high probability of significant stenosis ≥70%.