- 期刊
海洋客家政策與客庄內閩南孤島：以新屋蚵間石滬為例
Maritime Hakka Policy and a Minnan Ethnic Enclave in Hakka Village: Ke-Jian Stone Tidal Weirs in Xinwu
摘要
桃園市新屋區客家人口比例高達87.31%，為少見「濱海」的客庄（客語為主要通行語地區）；但蚵間石滬的使用者為閩南裔。本文以公私協力及族群集體記憶理論，探索蚵間石滬（新屋區閩南孤島）之保存與發展。本文研究發現：（1）在海岸土地權屬（公部門）、石滬修造技術（民間社團）、文化資產法規交錯下，以公私協力模式，讓蚵間石滬登錄為「公有文化資產」之「文化景觀」。此種公私協力模式的特色為：公私部門合作的必須性、政府在合作的民間部門之選擇限縮性、公部門維持民間團體（閩客社團）間的平衡性。（2）蚵間里為「客家文化重點發展區內閩南孤島」，政府的海洋客家政策積極打造客家集體記憶，恐導引新屋區的閩南孤島成員，轉變為多元族群認同。
並列摘要
Hakka people constitute 87.31% of the total population of Xinwu, making this district a rare "marine Hakka regional language area." Nevertheless, the users of stone tidal weirs in Ke-Jian village are of Minnan ethnicity. This paper employs the theories of public-private partnerships and ethnic collective memory to explore the preservation and development of Ke-Jian stone tidal weirs. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) Ke-Jian stone tidal weirs lie at the intersection of coastal land ownership (public sector), construction technology of stone tidal weirs (private associations), and cultural heritage preservation regulations. The public-private partnership model is used to register the Ke-Jian stone tidal weirs as a "cultural landscape" with the nature of "public cultural heritage." This public-private partnership model reflects the necessity of public-private collaboration, the restrictiveness of the government in choosing the private sector, and the maintenance of the balance between Minnan and Hakka associations. (2) Ke-Jian is recognized as a "Minnan ethnic enclave within a Key Development Area of Hakka Culture." The government's marine Hakka policy, which builds the collective memory of Hakka people, may bestow a multiethnic identity upon members of the Minnan ethnic enclave in Xinwu district.