The purpose of this article is to explore the doctrine of Buddhism of life, death and after life, and document analysis method is used for it. The researcher finds that Buddhism believes the nature of life is free from life and death, those who can recognize and confirm the nature of life named Buddha, and those who can't named all living creatures. Death and after life are necessary to the phenomenon of life, they are just like the autumn comes naturally after spring. We have to recognize them clearly and prepare for them, and then we can accept them calmly. Buddhism has all kinds of teachings for people how to recognize and confirm the nature of life at the time of one who is living, dying and between death and rebirth, or how to be born in Pure Land or a good place so that one can continue to practice Buddhist rules until one becomes a Buddha.