- 期刊
論中古時期石磐與銅磐之遞嬗
On Evolution of Stone Chimes and Copper Chimes in Medieval Times
摘要
本論題之提出，乃緣於唐代詩歌中書寫的磬，未盡為傳統的石磬，甚而有多數可能是銅磬，其所以如此，應與銅磬的出現、發展有關。通計唐代詩歌中提到磬的有三百六十首左右，除了與宮廷有關的絕大多數為石磬外，與佛道相關的約有二百四十首，其為石磬抑或銅磬，則不易判然區分。這固然與肇因於詩的語言既精鍊又模糊，故往往不能確指；次則因為唐代正好是這兩種磬並存消長的時代，而寺觀中又常見二者兼具。宮廷雅樂所用的磬為自先秦以來少有變革的石磬，此殆無疑義；至於俗樂、方外所用，情況較為複雜。乃至於宋元，僧磬普遍為人所知，相對地，石磬就顯得更為寂聊了。本文從佛教的漢化切入，探究中古時期從石磬到銅磬的消長，以作為相關詩歌解讀的參考。
並列摘要
The chimes written in the poetry in Tang Dynasty were not exactly traditional stone chimes, and most of them were even copper chimes, which may relate to the appearance and development of copper chimes. The number of chimes mentioned in Tang poetry was about three hundred and sixty. The chimes in the poetry related to courts were mostly stone chimes. However, it was not easy to distinct the type of chimes associated with Buddhism. For one thing, the language of poetry appeared both refined and fuzzy. For another, the two kinds of chimes coexisted in Tang Dynasty, and both of them could be found in the temples then. It was unquestionable that the chimes used in court music from Pre-Chin Dynasty had been stone chimes. As for secular music or other uses in temples, the situation was more complicated. Even in Song and Yuan Dynasty, monk chimes were widely known. In contrast, stone chimes became even more unknown. The article begins from the Buddhist sinicization and explores the rise and fall of stone chimes and copper chimes in Medieval Times serves and as a reference to the relevant poems.