Aims: The aim of study was to analyze the risk management of dental care coverage by the social protection institutions in Senegal, located in West Africa. Methods: The study was descriptive, extensive and focused on all active social protection institutions in Senegal since 2005. Results: Our results showed that, in spite of the implementation of risk management mechanisms such as patient co-payment (97% of institutions), coverage ceiling (26%) and dentist council (15%), healthcare expenditure still growing. Conclusion: For the containment of oral care expenditure increase, it is important to raise awareness among social protection institutions for a greater use of existing risk management mechanisms.