- 期刊
舞茸菌絲體之基因毒性試驗分析
Mutagenicity and Genotoxicity Effects of Grifola Frondosa Mycelium
摘要
舞茸（學名Grifola frondosa）是日本東北野外稀有之藥食兩用菇類，食用歷史已有上千年，然而舞茸菌絲體卻缺少安全性報告。本研究目的即是以三項基因毒評估模式來探討舞茸菌絲體發酵液凍乾粉是否會對生物體造成基因毒性。結果顯示，在沙門氏桿菌回復突變測試中，最高濃度0.625 mg/plate以下，皆不會使五株沙門氏菌造成突變；在體外哺乳類細胞染色體變異試驗中，最高劑量組5 mg/mL雖觀察到對CHOK1哺乳類細胞具染色體變異之細胞數較陰性對照組有較高之差異，但進一步以Cochran-Armitage trend test分析結果，顯示具染色體變異之細胞數與測試劑量間不具有劑量－效應（Dose-response）之相關性，顯示舞茸菌絲體對哺乳類細CHO-K1不具基因毒性；在微核試驗中，最高劑量5000 mg/kg b.w的舞茸菌絲體對ICR小鼠之微核發生率（MN-PCE per mille）及周邊血液多染性紅血球比例（PCE%）與陰性對照組相較，均無顯著差異，顯示舞茸菌絲體對ICR小鼠不具有基因毒性。此三種試驗的各種劑量下，試驗組皆與陰性對照組無顯著差異，顯示舞茸菌絲體不具有基因毒性。
並列摘要
Maitake (Grifola frondosa) is an edible and medicinal mushroom that has been widely consumed in Japan and other Asian countries for centuries. However, there should be guidelines to ensure its safety as well as information on its risks for the recipient since mushroom mycelium has an identity distinct from mushrooms. To ensure more information about the safety of G. frondosa mycelium, three genotoxicity tests were performed. Results show that in Ames test, no cytotoxic or mutagenic potential was found in five Salmonella typhimurium strains at a concentration as high as 0.625 mg/plate. In the in vitro chromosome aberration test, 5 mg/mL G. frondosa mycelium was found to induce structural chromosome when compared to the negative control group. These results were further evaluated using the Cochran-Armitage trend test, which showed negative for a dose response. Hence, G. frondosa mycelium presents negative reaction in this assay. At the highest dose of 5000 mg/ kg b.w. of G. frondosa mycelium, no significant increase was observed in the frequency of MNPCE and PCE, indicating that the dose used was not toxic to ICR bone marrow.These results conclude that G. frondosa mycelium does not provoke mutagenicity and genotoxicity in these systems.