多羥基醇類與脂肪酸之縮合反應－蔗糖與脂肪酸合成酯之研究－

Condensation Products of Polyhydric Alcohols with Carboxylic Acids Esters from Sucrose and Long-chain Fatty Acids

王碧峰(Bid-Foom Wong) ； 楊強(Chiang Yang)

《化學》 51年3期 (1962/09) Pp. 105-110

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1962018

摘要

蔗糖係一種純度高且產量豐富之有機化學商品，其與各種脂肪酸酯之化學反應，近始為人注意。作者參考Osipow等之研究報告，先使硬脂酸，軟脂酸或十二酸等與甲醇反應，生成甲酯後，加觸媒，使其與蔗糖發生酯交換反廳(ester interchange)以製成醣酯。為探求反應之最適條件，曾就反應溫度，反應物分子比、時間、觸媒及溶劑等分別加以試驗，同時研討其表面活性能。實驗結果表示反應溫度在70-100°C加熱時間達6-21小時，可以80%以上產率，將脂肪酸甲酯轉變為蔗糖脂肪酸酯。

並列摘要

Sucrose esters were prepared alcoholysis on sucrose and the methyl ester of a long-chain fatty acid, such as lauric, palmitic or, stearic acid, in the presence of an alkaline catalyst according to the procedure of Osipow et al. many factors that were considered to have an effects on the reaction, namely, temperature, composition of the reaction mixture, reaction time and catalyst have been examined in order to find out the optimum conditions for the reaction. The experimental results showed that the high percentage conversion to the monoester of issuerise was achieved using a 3 to 1 molar ratio of sucrose to fatty acid ester and 0.3 mole of an alkaline catalyst. The reaction rate and the monoester content decreased as the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain increased. It was also found that the catalytic behavior, of potassium carbonate was more excellent than that of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. If the reaction mixture is equilibrated at 60-100°C, for 6-21 hours, the methyl ester of a carboxylic acid is converted into the sucrose ester in yield higher than 80%. The products are useful as nonionic surfactants and detergents.