核糖核酸旋解酶：驅動核糖核酸結構變化的推手

RNA Helicases: Enzymes that Promote the Conformational Changes of RNAs and Ribonucleoprotein Complexes

張立奇(Li-Chi Chang) ； 林以千(Yi-Chien Lin) ； 董璐(Luh Tung) ； 葉富隆(Fu-Lung Yeh) ； 葉仲書(Chung-Shu Yeh) ； 張典顯(Tien-Hsien Chang)

《化學》 68卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 259-270

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2010025

摘要

核糖核酸旋解酶(RNA helicase)是一群普遍存在於細胞內，且在各物種之間具有高度演化保留性的的蛋白酵素。這群蛋白酵素能夠消耗能量來驅動核糖核酸(RNA) 以及核糖核酸蛋白複合物(RNP)的結構變化。這種特性使得RNA旋解酶在RNA 的生合成與降解作用，扮演了極為關鍵的角色。本文將概述RNA旋解酶的生化特性、目前所提出的可能作用機制，以及在RNA的各個新陳代謝步驟中所扮演的角色。

關鍵字

旋解酶 ； 核糖核酸旋解酶 ； RNA旋解酶 ； DExD/H-box蛋白

並列摘要

RNA helicases are a group of ubiquitous and highly conserved enzymes. By harnessing the energy released from nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis, RNA helicases (also known as DExD/ H-box proteins) can drive the conformational changes of RNAs and ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. They are involved in essentially all RNA-related biological processes, such as premRNA splicing, mRNA export, translation, and mRNA turnover. As a result, they play a key role in assisting the flow of genetic information from RNA to protein. This article takes a bird’s-eye view of what have been learned about the biochemical properties, biological roles, and mechanistic aspects of this group of fascinating enzymes.

並列關鍵字

Helicase ； RNA helicase ； DExD/H-box protein