- 期刊
金屬亞硝基化合物作為次硝酸（HNO）供體和具生物相容性一氧化氮（NO）載體之探討
The Nitroxyl (HNO) Precursors Derived from Metal-nitrosyl Complexes and the Developments of Nitric Oxide (NO) Delivery Platforms with Biocompatibility
摘要
生物體會產生微量的一氧化氮分子（NO）且藉由和生物體內不同的NO目標蛋白質交互作用來參與重要的生理反應。例如：當NO濃度在奈米莫爾濃度範圍，NO會扮演細胞訊號因子，在神經傳導和血管擴張扮演重要角色。另一方面，次硝酸（HNO/NO^-）比NO多一個電子，且研究發現對心血管和心肌的收縮比NO更顯著。化學性質上，HNO非常的不穩定，易導致雙聚化而形成一氧化二氮分子（N_2O）和水分子，因此，HNO的生成通常來自於一些前趨物。受NO和HNO在生物系統或醫學應用中的重要性啟發，許多研究團隊致力於開發和製備以金屬亞硝基化合物為主的NO或HNO供體，與金屬亞硝基化合物作為NO釋放的化學相比，以金屬亞硝基化合物產生HNO仍相對陌生，有許多金屬亞硝基化合物可以在改變pH值、溶劑作用或光照反應的刺激下進行NO釋放的活性。此篇回顧文章，我們將著重於可作為HNO/NO^-供體的金屬亞硝基化合物探討。我們也描述了錳金屬亞硝基化合物可以和各種藥物傳輸載體結合，這些載體如具孔洞二氧化矽基奈米顆粒和水凝膠，所形成的具光活化產生NO遞送平台的金屬亞硝基化合物是探討光藥理學的一個很好的例子。
並列摘要
Nitric oxide (NO molecules) is generated in small amounts to participate in diverse physiological processes through interaction with various NO-responsive targets within proteins. For example, NO generated nanomolar concentration amounts can act as cell-signaling agents that play an important role in nerve signal transduction and vasodilation. Nitroxyl (HNO/NO^-), an one-electron-reduced derivative of NO also plays significant roles in many physiological processes. For instance, HNO can increase heart muscle contractility. Unlike NO, nitroxyl molecule is very unstable, leading to dimerization to yield N_2O and H_2O. Due to this reason, the HNO molecule has to be produced in situ from donor compounds. Inspired by the importance of NO and HNO in biological systems or medical applications, many efforts have been made to prepare NO- or HNO-donors based on metal-NO compounds. In comparisons with the NO-releasing chemistry from metal-nitrosyl sources, the production of HNO from metal-nitrosyl or -nitroxyl species remains relatively unexplored. There are many metal-nitroxyl complexes that display the activity of NO release upon stimulated by the changes in pH, solvation, or photolysis. We will focus in the review on metal-nitrosyl or -nitroxyl species that can serve as HNO/NO^- donors. We also describe that the manganese-nitrosyl complex can be incorporated in various drug delivery vehicles such as mesoporous silica-based nanoparticles and hydrogels. This is an excellent example to understand the photopharmacology that nitric oxide delivery platforms are derived from a photoactivatable metal-nitrosyl species.