建立實驗室實驗課程危害等級區分

本研究之目的在於發展實驗室各項實驗綜合危害指數，以提高換作人員實驗時之警覺性並進一步減少實驗意外發生。本研究將各項實驗之危害指數分成四項：化學藥品之健康危害、化學藥品之易燃性危害、實驗操作危害及產生廢液之危害。有關化學藥品之健康危害和易燃性危害方面，是依據美國國家防火協會(NFPA)的標準識別系統-704系統來建立，有關實驗操作危害及產生廢液之危害指數則以有無危害二分法來訂定指數。研究對象為弘光技術學院環工科之三間實驗室（化學、儀路分析及水質分析實驗室）。在這15個實驗項目中，發現普通化學實踐室中之阿司匹靈製造之實驗危害指數最高，指數為21。其中化學藥品健康危害、易燃性、實驗操作及產生廢液之危害性指數分別5、12、2和2。這三間實驗室中，又以普通化學實驗室之平均危害指數最高。經由危害指數之標示，可以使實驗操作者清楚的了解該項實驗之可能危險而避免意外發生。本研究之結果將有助於為操作實驗時很好的參考。

關鍵字

綜合危害指數；危害分級；實驗教育；實驗安全；火災

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to develop comprehensive potential hazardous index: (CPHI) for university laboratory course' s experiments. The CPHI will be given to students prior the experiments to raise the awareness of the potential dangers of the experiments and furthermore to prevent and reduce the possibility of accident s. The comprehensive potential hazardous index was divided into four sub indices. namely, Human Health Hazard Index, Explosive Hazard Index, Operation Hazard Index, and Wastes Hazard Index Both Human Health and Explosive Hazard indices were defined based on Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response. NAPA. USA. Either hazard or nonhazard two levels defined Operation and Wastes Hazard indices. The subject of this research were focus on three experiment courses (chemistry, analytical instrument, and water quality analysis) of department of the environmental engineering. There were total 15 experiments analyzed, ＂synthesis of aspirin＂ had highest compressive potential hazard index (21). Among three courses. Chemistry Course had highest average compressive potential hazard index. By labeling each experiment with comprehensive potential hazardous index (CPHI) would increased the safety awareness of students and therefore reduce the possibility of accidents.