- 期刊
- OpenAccess
教師期望形成學生自我應驗的預言之虛實探討
The Survey of Its Truth or Falsity about Teacher Expectations Causing Student Self-fulfilling Prophecies.
摘要
「教師期望效應」或稱為「比馬龍效應」，是教學情境中大家耳熟能詳的一種師生互動的現象。此看法一提出，曾經許多人嘗詴驗證與探求老師對學生成尌期望是否真的可以實現的問題，有些學者卻提出了不同的研究成果與看法，表示此效應並沒有如預期般的發生。本研究探討發現期望效應是真實的，但並非普遍的。由於研究方法設計的不同，研究結果並不一致，但多半支持教師期望的自我應驗作用之存在。唯此效應並不是自動的，必須經由教師的行為而形成師生交互作用，始能竟其功，主要因素在於學生的知覺及其對教師期望訊息是否接受。其在教學上的啟示不外提醒教師應避免負向的教師期望效應，且應不斷的省視與調整對學生的期待，思考尚有那些未知的因素與層面影响教師期望，檢視自己對學行不良學生之成績或記錄，有無存在刻板印象或月暈效應？自己本身有那些人格特質，易形成先入為主、且形成不易變更的「教師期望」？這些將都是教師今後在改進教學上可以努力的方向。
並列摘要
＂Teacher expectations effect＂ or called ＂Pygmalion effect＂ is a well-known phenomenon from interaction between teacher and students. After this effect was brought up, many people ever tried to test and verify if it really can come true. And some researches really got different results and ideas to show the effect never occurred as expect. However most researches supported this phenomenon’s existence but not occur everywhere. Owing to different design of research methods, many researches had no the same results. However this effect cannot take place automatically. It depends on student’s awareness and whether accepting the message from Teacher expectations. Learning this phenomenon, teachers should avoid negative teacher expectations effect, then inspect and adjust their expectations to students. They may usually examine the records or grades of students with worse behaviors or performance if they have stereotype impression or Lunar halo effect on them. Those are all the directions teachers can make efforts to get from now on