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台灣民眾對男變女跨性別者內隱與外顯態度調查之研究
Survey of Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Male-to-Female transgender (M to F) Friendly Among the General Public in Taiwan
摘要
本研究旨在探討一般民眾對男變女跨性別者內隱與外顯態度之差異。由於過去對於跨性別者友善態度研究多以跨性別者為主，較少以一般民眾為對象，在進行對跨性別者友善態度調查上，難免會無法展現一般民眾對跨性別者真實的觀點，包括其內隱與外顯態度。因此，本研究採用內隱連結測驗（The Implicit Association Test, IAT）和問卷調查法蒐集一般民眾對男變女跨性別者的態度，共邀請47位年滿18歲民眾，包括男性27位（57%）、女性20位（43%），年齡層介於18-55歲，教育程度介於高中職至研究所，藉此推估18-55歲者對於男變女跨性別者之友善態度。統計方法以描述性統計與推論性統計中之獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數及Pearson相關係數分析，檢視各變項間的差異與相關性。結果顯示，男、女性在面對男變女跨性別者的內隱態度上並無顯著差別，然而在外顯態度上卻呈現正向傾向，且女性較男性對男變女跨性別者更為友善。無論是內隱態度或外顯態度，年齡在18-27歲較41-55歲者更能接受男變女跨性別者；學歷為高中職畢業較高中職以下畢業者對於內隱態度上較能接受男變女跨性別者。本研究依據前述發現提出相對應的結論與建議。
並列摘要
This study aimed to explore the differences between the implicit and explicit attitudes of the general public towards male-to-female transgender people. Since most of the past research on transgender-friendly attitudes had focused on transgender people, and less on the general public, conducting surveys on friendly attitudes towards transgender people would inevitably fail to show the general public's true feelings towards transgender people. Therefore, this study used the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and questionnaire methods to collect the attitudes of the general public towards male-to-female transgender people. A total of 47 people aged 18 or above were invited to participate in the study, including 27 males (57%) and 20 (43%) women. The age range was between 18-55 years old and the education level was between high school and vocational school to graduate school. This was used to estimate the perception of male-to-female transgender among people aged 18-55 friendly attitude. Statistical methods used independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis in descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to examine the differences and correlations between variables. The results showed that there was no significant difference in implicit attitudes between men and women towards male-to-female transgender people, but there was a positive tendency in explicit attitudes, and women were friendlier to male-to-female transgender people than men. Whether it was implicit or explicit attitudes, those aged 18-27 were more accepting of male-to-female transgender people than those aged 41-55; those with a college degree or above were more accepting of implicit attitudes than those with a high school degree or less.