- 期刊
施用毒品除罪化之研究－從治療模式觀點出發
Research on the decriminalization of drug use-From Treatment Model Perspect
摘要
施用毒品要採刑罰（矯正）模式或治療模式各有支持者，從我國在監人口約有百分之十六屬於純施用毒品者觀之，矯正模式徒增矯正機構之負擔，而其再犯率又居高不下之情形下，矯正模式的成效顯然頗受質疑，葡萄牙將施用毒品除罪犯的成效卓著，美國嚴打毒品則成效不彰，本文擬以文獻探討法及歷史研究法，從過往經驗提供施用毒品處遇刑事政策的檢討契機，我國毒品危害防制條例先是採除刑不除罪政策，對於施用一、二級毒品初犯或五年後再犯者不處刑罰，後來又配合刑事訴訟法附命完成戒癮治療緩起訴之規定兼採戒癮治療模式，採治療優先於刑罰原則，但戒癮治療者再犯比率仍然偏高，其治療效果亦受懷疑，最終矯正實務上仍然是以形式上隔離毒癮者為其模式。目前在刑罰民粹主義之浪潮下，施用毒品除罪化的目標雖難達成，但卻是不得不面對的課題。
並列摘要
In applying a punishment (correction) or treatment model on drug users, every approach has its own supporters. Sixteen percent of prisoners in Taiwan are drug users it is a burden to apply the correction models for correction organizations. Additionally, a high recidivism rate questions the effectiveness of this approach. It is instructive to examine the drug policies of Portugal and the United States, the former being one of decriminalization showing measurable success and the latter being a restrictive policy with little documented success. To discuss the examinations of criminal policies on providing drug using from precedents by literature review and historical method. The Narcotics Hazard Prevention Act employs a ＂criminal sentence revoked but not decriminalized＂ policy where first time offenders of category one and two narcotics violations may have criminal sentences revoked. Likewise, new offenses occurring five or more years following a first offence will be revoked. In coordination with deferred prosecutions of rehabilitation defined in the Code of Criminal Procedure the Narcotics Hazard Prevention Act applies a rehabilitation and treatment policy for offenders prior to criminal sentencing. Still the high recidivism rate of offenders makes the results of the treatment model questionable. In practice, rehabilitation treatment can be used just the model to isolate drug addicts only nominally. While ＂Penal Populism＂ continues it is difficult to decriminalize drug use. Yet, it is an important issue to deal with.