- 期刊
從一乘三乘論華嚴的菩提心
Discussion on the Bodhi-citta in Huayen-sūtra by Three-Vehicles and One-Vehicle
摘要
在大乘佛教諸經論中，對於菩提心頗為重視，《華嚴經》更強調之。所謂發菩提心，是指發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心，也就是發成佛的心。而發成佛的心，指的是發願度眾生，此心願是藉由落實在菩薩道上來實踐。因此，行菩薩道，度化眾生，成為大乘佛教的特色。而《華嚴經》又如何來看待發菩提心？此為本論文所要探討的重點。若以《華嚴經》信、解、行、證四分的結構來看，菩提心可說貫串整部《華嚴經》的經文。換言之，《華嚴經》的信、解、行、證中，皆論及了菩提心。而在「修因契果生解分」中的「差別因果周」，所論的十信、十住、十行、十迴向、十地等行位，可說與菩提心有密切關，而值得注意的是，十信、十住之初發心住對菩提心所作之論述，其內容所含深義卻遠遠超過十地之歡喜地的菩提心。若以修行的階位來說（十信、十住、十行、十迴向、十地），十地基本上是超過十信、十住的，而為何《華嚴經》會有如此之落差？其本身蘊含了什麼？華嚴宗又如何釐清此問題及如何看待「歡喜地」的發菩提心？針對上述諸問題，本論文試從兩方面來切入：首先，探討地前之菩提心，擬從一乘、三乘入手，以釐清《華嚴經》之十信、初發心住的菩提心。其次，針對十地之歡喜地的發菩提來加以探討。
並列摘要
In Mahayana Buddhist sutra, much attention is paid to the exhibitions of Bohdi-citta, particularly in Huayen-sūtra. So call Bohdi-citta, Anuttara- samyaksambodhi, is referred to the strong will to obtain to Buddhahood. The center concepts of Mahayana Buddhism are to salvage all the sentient beings to attain Buddhahood, just like the will of Kitigarbha: ＂I vow not to attain Buddhahood if I can't vacate the Hell. I would achieve nirvana only when I salvage all the sentient beings.＂ Bodhi-citta is the central ideas of the Huayen Sutra, which were build with faiths, interpretations, performances, and evidences of fruits of Buddha’s doctrines. However, more profound characteristics of bodhi-citta were described in pre-Bhūmi, from the ten stages of bodhisattva-faiths to the stages of bodhisattva-wisdoms than Bhūmi in Huayen Sutra. In the view of three-vehicles, the developments of a bodhisattva onto a Buddha were graded roughly before Bhūmi. Anyway, in the view of one-vehicle, the 52 sections of the development of a bodhisattva onto a Buddha are all profound and unfathomable. This article was to discuss on the Bodhi-citta in pre-Bhūmi which included the ten bodhisattva-faiths stage and the purposive stage; and further, it studies on the Bodhi-citta in the first bhūmi, the very Joyous, with the views of the three-vehicles vs. one-vehicle.