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從感知結構分析蔣中正1946年日記所見的中國政局
Analysis on Chinese Politics in 1946 Chiang Kai-shek Diary: From Structure of Feeling Perspective
摘要
目前暫存史丹福大學胡佛研究所「蔣中正日記」開放應用，有助於探究蔣中正個人視角下的心思轉折及其考量。本文運用1946年的「蔣中正日記」素材，針對蔣中正眼中當年「促成革命事業推展」兩項外交內政重大事件：馬歇爾調處國共兩黨東北停戰、南京召開制憲國民大會制訂中華民國憲法，運用感知結構角度分析，以明瞭其中當事人感知結構所做出的選擇。當蔣中正個人感知結構固著於維持國家統一價值，訴諸以軍事手段解決，卻無法就相關社會、經濟問題有效因應時，蔣中正領導國民黨政府政權即面臨存續危機。蔣中正日後重新閱讀過往日記，以作為個人「後事之師」也是他自認能夠記取教訓，而不會重蹈覆轍的反應。
並列摘要
Currently, the "Diaries of Chiang Kai-shek" (CKS Diaries) are housed in the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. These diaries offer valuable insights into exploring the psychological transitions and considerations of Chiang Kai-shek from his personal perspective. This essay focuses on the materials from Chiang Kai-shek's diary in 1946, specifically examining two significant diplomatic and domestic events through Chiang's lens, events that he believed would "advance the revolutionary cause." These events are George C. Marshall's mediated truce negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party in the Northeast provinces, and the National Assembly held in Nanjing to draft the ROC constitution. The author employs the concept of the "structure of feeling" to elucidate the choices made by those who were involved. When Chiang's "structure of feeling" was centered on preserving the value of national unity, and he resorted to military means to achieve this goal, the Kuomintang government led by Chiang found itself grappling with existential challenges, particularly in responding effectively to related social and economic issues. It was during this period that Chiang reviewed his past diaries from several years earlier, aiming to improve and learn from past experiences in order to avoid repeating the same mistakes.