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甲狀腺高能症與其相關的手術治療

摘要


甲狀腺高能症(hyperthyroidism)是相當常見的疾病,在女性的發生率比男性為多。甲狀腺的過度分泌甲狀腺賀爾蒙,在臨床上會造成病人有體重減輕、心悸、顫抖、怕熱等現象。甲狀腺高能症的發生原因有很多,最常見的為葛瑞夫茲氏症(Graves'disease),它除了甲狀腺機能亢進的症狀與甲狀腺腫大外,還會伴隨凸眼的困擾。在血中生化檢查評估上,甲狀腺機能亢進時,游離四碘甲狀腺素(Free T4)升高而壓抑了甲促素(TSH)的分泌。甲狀腺高能症的治療,可以使用抗甲狀腺藥物治療,放射線碘治療,與外科手術治療。隨著醫療的進步,喉返神經偵測系統與高頻能量手術器械(energy device)的應用,已為甲狀腺手術帶來相當的好處,並減少手術可能的相關併發症。而現代手術的發展,利用內視鏡與機械手臂系統輔助甲狀腺手術,雖由於甲狀腺高能症患者常伴隨有較大的甲狀腺而有所侷限,不過在少數病患上,可以是手術治療的選擇。

參考文獻


Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, et al. American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis.Thyroid 2016; 26:1343-421."
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Abraham-Nordling M, Törring O, Hamberger B, et al. Graves' disease: a long-term quality-of-life follow up of patients randomized to treatment with antithyroid drugs, radioiodine, or surgery. Thyroid 2005;15:1279-86."
Shinall MC Jr, Broome JT, Baker A, et al. Is potassium iodide solution necessary before total thyroidectomy for Graves disease? Ann Surg Oncol 2013;20:2964-67."
Barczyn´ski M, Konturek A, Cichon´S. Randomized clinical trial of visualization versus neuromonitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerves during thyroidectomy. Br J Surg 2009;96:240-6."

被引用紀錄


郭翊圻、岳淑芬、涂岑俞(2021)。一位行經口達文西甲狀腺切除病人之手術全期護理經驗長庚護理32(4),97-106。https://doi.org/10.6386/CGN.202112_32(4).0009

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