摘要
癌症病人是產生靜脈栓塞的高風險族群，使其在生活品質大幅下降且提升相當高的死亡率。過去常用藥物包括heparin, low molecular weight heparin（LMWH）、Vitamin K antagonist,（VKA）等。至2021年，已有3個前瞻性大型臨床隨機試驗（CARAVAGGIO、HOKUSAIVTE-CANCER,SELECT-D）證明：直接口服抗凝血劑（DOAC）在治療產生靜脈栓塞的病人，在預防復發及血栓致死率不遜於過往傳統的LMWH治療，雖主要副作用為出血但發生率並不高，且可及早診斷治療。又DOAC的使用簡便性在臨床使用更富有實用性，成為現今癌症病人靜脈栓塞的重要藥物選擇。本文將簡介癌症病人靜脈血栓之成因、臨床表現、及討論治療的演進和當前醫療常規最佳之治療選擇。
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