摘要
心臟衰竭（（heart failure, HF）是一種以心臟無法有效供血以滿足身體需求為特徵的綜合症，影響全球數百萬人。根據2021年歐洲心臟病學會（European Society of Cardiology, ESC）及美國心臟病學會（American College of Cardiology, ACC）／美國心臟協會（American Heart Association, AHA）的指引，心臟衰竭可依其病因及心臟功能的不同，分為多種亞型，包括：低收縮分率心臟衰竭（heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HFrEF）、輕度低收縮分率心臟衰竭（heart failure with mild reduced ejection fraction, HFmrEF）和正常收縮分率心臟衰竭（heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFpEF），2023年ESC有再特別針對最新研究和治療增訂。本篇文章將探討當前心臟衰竭的診斷標準、風險評估及治療策略，特別是針對藥物治療、裝置治療及生活方式改變的最新進展。隨著新興療法的出現，心臟衰竭的管理有望顯著改善病人的預後及生活品質。
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