新疆獨立運動與影響

Xinjiang independence movement and influence

陳一弘(Yuhong Chen)

《全人教育集刊》 5期 (2020/06) Pp. 20-61

https://doi.org/10.6689/BHE.202006_(5).0002

摘要

新疆獨立運動（簡稱疆獨）或東突厥斯坦獨立運動，在英國和蘇聯的支持下，在1933年11月12日與1944年4月在南疆、北疆建立兩個互不隸屬的國家，但均遭到中華民國反對與壓制。中華人民共和國建政後，因為中蘇交惡的政治背景，使得疆獨衝突趨於激烈，在蘇聯解體之後使得疆獨訴求減少，並轉而朝向自治願景；近期發生的恐怖襲擊造成死傷，中國認為與新疆獨立運動極端分子有關係，除此之外新疆獨立運動主要組織亦即東突厥斯坦伊斯蘭運動也被美國等國際社會定性為恐怖組織。

關鍵字

民族主義 ； 恐怖組織 ； 恐怖主義 ； 分離主義 ； 遊擊戰略

並列摘要

The Xinjiang Independence Movement (referred to as Xinjiang Independence) or the East Turkestan Independence Movement, with the support of the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union, established two non-affiliated countries in southern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang on November 12, 1933 and April 1944. But all were opposed and suppressed by the Republic of China. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the political background of Sino-Soviet diplomatic relations, the conflict in Xinjiang independence became more intense. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the demands for Xinjiang independence were reduced and the vision for autonomy was shifted. The recent terrorist attacks caused casualties, China believes it is related to the extremists of the Xinjiang Independence Movement. In addition, the main organization of the Xinjiang Independence Movement, the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, is also classified as a terrorist organization by the United States and other international communities.

並列關鍵字

nationalism ； terrorist organization ； terrorism ； Separatism ； guerrilla strategy