论否定神学对宗教对话的意义

The Implication of the Theory of Negation for Religious Dialogue

袁蕙文(YUEN Wai Man)

《比較經學》 2期 (2013/07) Pp. 29-61

摘要

公元5世纪后的基督教神学发展出否定神学的传统，即通过否定方法用否定词句来言说上帝的超越性。这一方法蕴含的自我批判精神，使得不同宗教可以借用此方法来进行对话。它一方面能够摒除某一宗教对其他宗教的排他性，另一方面又可带领自身不断突破对终极实在的认识。本文还将试图以“否定神学”来解释佛教禅宗的“空”，以此证明否定方法可以成为各宗教进行跨宗教对话的普遍资源。

關鍵字

否定神学 ； 新柏拉图主义 ； 西田几多郎 ； 绝对无 ； 纯粹经验

並列摘要

Since the 5th century BCE, apophatic theology has been constructed as a theological system which stresses that God cannot be known in terms of human categories. Due to its critical nature, negation theology exists as a disciplinary which requires constant questioning of religious claims. Via Negativa then is an important method in religious dialogue. On the one hand, it eliminates the extreme form of religious exclusivism; on the other hand, it brings religions to self-transformation and liberation. This paper attempts to apply to the Via Negative Buddhist concept of emptiness so as to show the effectiveness of this method in religious dialogue.

並列關鍵字

Apophatic Theology ； Neoplatonism ； Nishida Kitaro ； Absolute Nothingness ； Pure Experience