「耶穌不滅孔子，孔子倒成全於耶穌」－試論馬若瑟著《儒交信》

＂Jesus Did Not Destroy Confucius; Rather, Confucius Was thus Named All Because of Jesus' Help＂: A Close Look at Joseph Premare's Rujiaoxin

李奭學(LI Sher-shiueh)

《道風：基督教文化評論》 46期 (2017/01) Pp. 27-73

摘要

無資料

關鍵字

馬若瑟 ； 《儒交信》 ； 《信經》 ； 耶穌會索隱派 ； 儒門的宗教性格

並列摘要

In about 1720, Joseph Premare wrote a novella in Chinese entitled Rujiaoxin, a title literally meaning ＂Confucianism making friends with the Creeds or Catholicism＂. The novella narrates the story of a Chinese, named Li Guan, and his family feeling hesitant to convert to Catholicism due to their faith in traditional Chinese Confucianism. A certain intellectual Sima Wengu, obviously Li's religious initiator, and a Western priest whose Church is in Nanchang, then the capital of Jianxi province, collaborated to explain Christian doctrines to Li and thus successfully persuaded him to become a Catholic convert. However, the key to Li's conversion to Catholicism is Sima's interpretation that Confucianism is not in conflict with Catholicism, hence allowing the imported religion to go with the traditional Chinese faith. He then points out that Confucian rituals like ancestral worship are without religious significance. These rituals are carried out, on the contrary, only in memory of one's ancestors. Moreover, this article also aims to argue that this Jesuit interpretation of ancestral worship twists or neglects the religious dimension of Confucianism. These forms of ancestral worship contain not only the idea of special attention given to the performance the funeral rites that honour parents or ancestors, but also suggest a Confucian other world, strongly connoting the sense that the act of praying to the deceased is for one's own good by offering a good ceremony of sacrifice. What this essay means by the religious dimension of Confucianism lies primarily in this ceremonial faith in ancestors. The focal point of this article is made, again, to suggest that for Premare, Confucianism, though respected in traditional China, can hardly be placed on the same level as Catholicism. As a result, Premare writes in his novella a Chinese sentence that best sums up his perspective, which this article singles out as its title: ＂Jesus did not destroy Confucius; rather, Confucius was thus named all because of Jesus's help.＂

並列關鍵字

Joseph Premare ； Rujiaoxin ； The Creeds ； Jesuit Figurism ； Religious Dimension of Confucianism