十九世紀「教宗侵略」與英國社會的回應

"Papal Aggression" and the Responses of the Public in 19^(th)-Century England

吳芮(WU Rui)

《道風：基督教文化評論》 Issue 64 (2026/01) Pp. 177-202

Abstracts

為應對英國天主教信徒的迅速增長，加強對教會的管理，教宗庇護九世於一八五〇年宣佈在英國恢復羅馬教廷統轄的聖統制。這一消息在英國公之於眾後，通過逐層渲染，迅速引發了民眾的恐慌情緒，被稱為「教宗侵略」事件。從報刊雜誌等輿論媒介開始，對羅馬天主教的抨擊席捲了英國社會的各種大眾文化形式，引發各地的請願和抗議行為，形成新一輪的反天主教思潮。該思潮一方面表現為教派紛爭，另一方面表現為對國家主權和宗教獨立的捍衛。英國對「教宗侵略」的回應不僅是宗教衝突的產物，而且是十九世紀中期歐洲反天主教「文化戰爭」在英國的具體表現。

Keywords

英國 ； 庇護九世 ； 反天主教 ； 十九世紀

Parallel abstracts

To deal with the rapid increase of the number of Catholics in England and reinforce the management of the Church, Pope Pius IX proclaimed the restoration of the Catholic Hierarchy in England in 1850. When the news was made public in England, it quickly caused panic among the public and became known as the "Papal Aggression." The resulting attack on Roman Catholicism swept through all forms of popular culture in English society, such as newspapers, journals and other media, which triggered petitions and protests around the country and formed this new round of anti-Catholic trend. In addition to and in spite of traditional sectarian disputes, this trend reflected the defense of national sovereignty and religious independence on the part of the English population. The response to the "Papal Aggression" in England was not only the product of religious conflicts, but also the localized expression of the European anti-catholic "Culture Wars" of the mid-19^(th) century in general.

Parallel keywords

England ； Pius IX ； Anti-Catholicism ； 19^(th) Century