- 期刊
美洲白銀在中國：以十六至十八世紀間「白銀史」為中心的研究回顧的評述
American Silver in China: A Review of Research on the History of Silver Flow between the 16^(th) and 18^(th) Centuries
摘要
美洲白銀的輸入，在中國歷史上具有重大的意義。晚明以來，商品經濟的繁榮與發達，賦役制度的白銀化，皆與海外白銀大量流入中國，並且廣泛地流通，有著密切的關聯。本文整理了華人學者、日人學者與歐美學者們對「白銀流入中國」的相關研究，企圖利用綜合性的討論與比較，歸結出過往研究的特色，進而思考未來研究可能的拓展方向。本文分為四個段落，第一段討論白銀流入中國研究的萌芽，來自二十世紀上半葉的經濟史學者；第二段論述中外學者對「十七世紀危機」產生的歧見與交鋒，具體呈現了白銀在中國的影響力；第三段討論《白銀資本》與「中國中心論」的思想體系，思考聯繫世界經濟的方法；第四段則聚焦在《白銀資本》出版後的迴響以及研究視角的遼闊與兼容；最後則展望將來此一議 題的可能性。
並列摘要
The influx of American silver is a matter of great significance in Chinese history. From the late Ming dynasty onwards, the flourishing trade in commodities and system of paying taxes with silver were both closely related to the substantial flow of foreign silver into China and its subsequent extensive circulation. This paper summarizes researches on the flow of silver into China conducted by Chinese, Japanese, and Western scholars. The aim is to summarize the characteristics of earlier research through comprehensive discussion and comparison, then to contemplate possible new directions for future research. The paper is divided into four sections: the first section discusses the initial phase of research on the flow of silver into China, which was carried out by economic historians in the first half of the 20th century; the second section narrates the disputes between Western and Chinese scholars over the issue of the ＂17th century crisis,＂ which vividly illustrate the influence of silver in China; the third section discusses the ideological system in Andre Gunder Frank's ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age and of sinocentrism, and ponders ways to connect the world's economies; the fourth section focuses on the reverberations caused by the publication of ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age and the extensiveness and compatibility of associated research perspectives. The final remarks suggest possibilities for future research.