史誌觀道新旅碑：武德鸞文與百年大醮

中國宗教的神明通過「啟示」（revelation）來引導大眾，此類經典具有面向大眾的普世價值，內容常講述宇宙的起源與運作、神明的歷史及職能、支配人類命運的法則以及人類獲得救贖的方式。啟示通常分為普遍性和特定性二大類，前者闡述某類絕對真理，後者多屬神人之間的主題式對話。北港武德宮鸞文的公壇公籤大多為普遍性的啟示經典，內容以開示、教化為主，藏頭多由「天官武財神」降示。武德宮作為北港在地大廟，年例儀式以禮斗、點燈、普度為主，非例行性儀式中最隆重的當為建醮。禮斗、點燈主要針對個人或家庭的元辰護佑與消災祈福；普度和建醮則是祈求整體地方社會的平安。其中，道教醮儀的功能旨在重塑宇宙秩序，驅逐邪氣以使本境之生炁得以重生（renew），以今為新並期在天、地、人三個層面表達敬神朝禮、驅除邪祟、懺悔除罪之義理。甲午年（2015）十一月廿一日未時，武德宮公壇公籤鸞文降示：「官醮圓禮融陽天」，破題點出當年啟建百年大醮的主題；結尾：「史誌觀道新旅碑」，說明百年大醮乃為武德宮的創建與發展建立新的里程碑。在梳理武德鸞文的過程中，發現其中與百年大醮相關的資料頗為豐富，因此本文擬通過建醮鸞文的析論，探討鸞文降示與道教醮儀之間的關聯。

關鍵字

北港武德宮；鸞文；扶鸞；百年大醮；道教醮儀

並列摘要

In Chinese religion, deities guide the public through "revelations," which are texts that offer universal values to society. These often discuss the origins and workings of the universe, the history and roles of deities, the laws governing human destiny, and the ways humans can achieve salvation. Revelations are typically divided into two categories: universal and specific. Universal revelations explain certain absolute truths, while specific ones often involve thematic dialogues between gods and humans. The public revelations delivered through divination texts at Wude Temple in Beigang are primarily of the universal type, focusing on teachings and enlightenment. These messages are typically delivered by the "Heavenly Official, Military God of Wealth." Wude Temple, as a major local temple in Beigang, holds regular ceremonies such as the Star-Lord Ritual, lighting of lanterns, and communal offerings. Among the non-routine ceremonies, the most significant is the Taoist jiao (醮) ritual. The Star-Lord Ritual and lantern lighting are mainly aimed at protecting and blessing individuals or families, while the communal offerings and jiao rituals pray for the peace of the entire local community. The purpose of the Taoist jiao ritual is to restore cosmic order, expel evil spirits, and renew the vital energy (qi) of the land. It expresses reverence to the deities, drives away malevolent forces, and offers repentance across the three levels of heaven, earth, and humanity. On November 21, 2015, the divination message at Wude Temple proclaimed: "The grand jiao ritual aligns with Yang Heaven," signaling the theme of that year's centennial Taoist jiao ritual. The message concluded with: "A new milestone in the historical record of promoting the Dao," indicating that this centennial jiao ritual marked a new milestone in the establishment and development of Wude Temple. During the analysis of Wude Temple's Spirit-Writing, it became clear that there was a wealth of information related to the centennial jiao ritual. This article aims to explore the relationship between these divine messages and Taoist jiao rituals by analyzing the revealed texts.