敘利亞難民問題與在德國的生活挑戰

敘利亞內戰從2011年的年初至今已六年了，由原先的反政府示威演變成今日的反對派要求總統阿薩德下台，可以說是越演越烈。其實整起事件的起因乃是2011年敘利亞受「阿拉伯之春」民主運動的影響所引起的人民抗議政府活動。當時的阿薩德政府以武力對抗手無寸鐵的人民，最終導致成為全面性的內戰。根據聯合國的統計，目前潛逃出敘利亞的難民約有400多萬人，是敘利亞總人口的四分之一，另外還有大約700萬人在敘利亞境內過著無家可歸、顛沛流離的日子。以聯合國的數據來看：光是在2015年初就將近超過30萬的敘利亞難民冒著生命危險渡海到歐洲，當中約20萬人抵達希臘，其餘的11萬人則是從義大利上岸。這些敘利亞難民為何願意甘冒生命危險逃離自己的家園，其目的是什麼？逃難過程中遭遇的狀況？在新的國家生活上的適應與否等？這些都是本文試圖探討的原因。(由於敘利亞難民逃到歐洲後分別受到不同國家的收留，個人將就收留難民最多的國家德國來做分析探討)，以便讓讀者有更深的了解。

關鍵字

敘利亞；阿拉伯之春；內戰；難民

並列摘要

Syria's civil war from the beginning of 2011 has been five years, from the original anti-government demonstrations evolved into today's opposition demands President Assad to step down, can be said to be growing. In fact, the whole cause of the incident is the 2011 Syrian Arab Spring ＂by the impact of the democratic movement caused by the people protest against government activities. At that time, the Assad government confronted the unarmed people by force, leading to a comprehensive civil war. According to United Nations statistics, the current absconded Syrian refugees about 400 million people, is a quarter of the total population of Syria, in addition to about 700 million people in Syria in the territory of homeless, displaced days. According to the United Nations data: in early 2015 alone, more than 30 million Syrian refugees risked their lives crossing the sea to Europe, of which about 20 million people arrived in Greece, the remaining 11 million people are from Italy ashore. Why are these Syrian refugees willing to risk their lives to escape from their homes? The situation encountered in the process of fleeing ? In the new national life adaptation or not? These are the reasons why this article attempts to explore. (Due to the Syrian refugees fled to Europe, respectively, after receiving different countries, individuals will host the refugees in Germany to do the most analysis), so that readers have a better understanding.