以精神分析論《河殤》主體的自卑情結

本文以精神分析論《河殤》主體的自卑情結。首先，藉由行動素模式辨識文本中的主體與客體，以及其中的二元對立。再者，藉由各心理學家提出自卑情結的成因，指出《河殤》主體的意識形態由其自卑情結發動，成因有「理想不成」、「不利對待」及「社會比較」。最後，藉由文本呈現的邏輯不一致，洞察真實的二元對立及防衛機制。吾人發現，隱藏在「海洋文化－大陸文化」對立下的潛意識係「征服－被征服」、「富裕－貧窮」的二元對立，從而主體以防衛機制轉移心理不適。

關鍵字

精神分析；《河殤》；自卑情結；行動素模式；防衛機制

並列摘要

This article is to psychoanalyze inferiority complex covered of subject in River Elegy. First, I identify the subject, object, and binary opposition between them with actantial model. Second, I indicate the sender is inferiority complex of subject which caused by misachievement, unfavorable treatment and social comparison. Finally, I insight the actual binary opposition and defense mechanism with the contradiction of River Elegy. I discover that the binary opposition, "conquer- conquered" and "richness-poverty", is the unconsciousness of subject covered by the consciousness of ocean culture versus continent culture. Thus, inferior one transfers the mental illness with defense mechanism.