外國托育政策之探討－以瑞典、日本為觀察

A study of foreign childcare policies: observations from Sweden and Japan

陳仕弘(Shih-Hong Chen)

《兩岸職業教育論叢》 7卷1期 (2023/10) Pp. 1-11

https://doi.org/10.6685/ASVEJ.202310_7(1).0001

摘要

少子化這波海嘯正衝擊著各國，世界觀的意識型態，經濟財富的累積，教育程度的提高，家庭問題，不婚、晚婚的因素以及社會的不安影響了整個大環境，進而使得全球生育率一直無法普遍的提升。本文以瑞典、日本為介紹對象，探析北歐與東亞托育政策之代表之其福利體制之核心特性，進一步以跨國比較的資料來呈現瑞典、日本於幼兒托育政策與福利提供之特性，突顯不同地域國家間主要福利國家的差異及獨特性，經由Esping-Andersen理論反思，期對豐富社會福利理論與期能對台灣托育政策上提供策制定之參考。

關鍵字

少子化 ； 托育政策 ； 福利體制

並列摘要

The declining birth rate is impacting countries worldwide. Factors such as ideological perspectives, economic wealth accumulation, improved education levels, family issues, and societal unrest have affected the overall environment, making it difficult for the global fertility rate to increase. This article focuses on Sweden and Japan, exploring the core characteristics of their welfare systems, with a particular emphasis on their childcare policies. Through cross-national comparisons, the article highlights the differences and unique features of the main welfare states in different regions. Using Esping-Andersen's theory as a reflection, this article aims to enrich social welfare theory and provide reference for Taiwan's childcare policy-making.

並列關鍵字

Birth-rate Decline ； Child Care Policy ； Esping-Andersen