中共監察體制改革中留置措施法律問題之研究

中共十九大報告中提出留置取代兩規措施，標誌著留置將從中共監察體制改革試點地區的一種臨時措施，變為中共監察法中的一項法定措施。留置作為中共監察體制改革中出現的新措施，應當由國家最高立法機關以法律的形式加以詳細規定，對於留置措施的適用，應從各方面進行嚴格的監督，以符合中共憲法第37條作為公民人身自由保障的規定。留置措施應當考慮其限制人身自由的特殊措施特性，明確其適用條件、範圍、實施程序與規則等問題，同時還應建立監督制約機制以及救濟程序，以保障留置措施在保障人權基礎上能夠充分發揮調查需要的功能，防止其濫用。因而，留置的內涵和性質如何確定，留置的運行如何規範，關係到對中共監察機關的調查活動能否順利進行，相關人的權利保障，關係到中共監察體制改革的整體成效，以及達成中共依法治國、建設社會主義法治國家的戰略方針和戰略目標。

關鍵字

留置；兩規；中共監察法；監察委員會；依法治國

並列摘要

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) which put forward the measure that retention should replace 'shuanggui', indicates that retention will become a legal measure in the supervision law from a temporary measure. The new reform measures appear as Chinese lien. The supervision system should be stipulated by the state, with the highest legislative body in the form of law, applicable for retention. Strict supervision of all aspects should, in accordance with the ＂constitution＂ article thirty-seventh stipulates as the personal freedom of citizens protection. Retention should consider its special characteristics of measures of restriction of personal freedom, the applicable conditions, scope, implementation procedures and rules, but also should establish the supervision mechanism and relief procedure, to ensure the retention can give full play to the function of the protection of human rights in the investigation in order to prevent misuse. Therefore, how to determine the connotation and nature of lien by the indwelling operation how to regulate, in relation to the investigation on the supervisory organ can proceed smoothly, protect the rights of people, related to the overall effect of the reform of national supervision system, and achieve the rule of law and building a socialist country under the rule of law strategy and strategic goals.