- 期刊
- OpenAccess
香港反清革命宣傳報刊及其與南洋的聯繫
The Anti-Manchu Revolutionary Newspapers in Hong Kong and Their Connection with Southeast Asia
並列摘要
This is a study on Hong Kong as a base of anti - Manchu propaganda where revolutionary newspapers were published. Special attention is given to the Chung Kuo Jih Pao 中國日報, which was the first and the most important of these papers. With its easy access to Kuang Chou and communication links with cities in China, South-east Asia, Japan and other places, Hong Kong was conveniently located for the publication and distribution of propaganda books and newspapers. Moreover, Hong Kong had since its early years been an important centre for the printing and publication of books and newspapers for circulations in China as well as abroad. There was no constraint on the press except libel laws. Between 1900 and 1911, Hong Kong became the centre where no less than eight different revolutionary newspapers published and distributed, but most of these were able only to last for two to four years because of the lack of financies. The Chung Kuo Jih Pao, established in 1900 by direct order of Sun Yat-sen, was able, however, to last until 1913. During these years, it was largely through the support and financial contributions of a number of patriotic Chinese merchants, some at the expense of getting into bankruptcy, that the newspaper was able to weather the storms and remain a powerful mouthpiece of the revolution. The tone of the newspaper was quite mild in the first few years of its existence. It became more radical in tone from about 1904 onwards, attacking the corruption of Ch'ing officials and calling for the people to join the revolutionary movement. One special feature was a column containing satires written in colloquial Cantonese in the form of riddles, songs, comedies, etc. ridiculing the Ch'ing government and the monarchists. With its circulation extending to China and abroad, The Chung Kuo Jih Pao made an important contribution to the propaganda battle against the Manchu as well as the monarchists. It further provided much of the manpower, including editors and reporters, for other revolutionary newspapers in Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. Its close connection with the newspapers and the Chinese community in Southeast Asia was an important factor in the spreading of anti-Manchu ideas amongst the overseas Chinese.