南宋政權之建立與財經官僚：高宗初年的知臨安府（1127-1142）

Financial Bureaucrats and the Founding of the Southern Song: A Study of the Prefects of Lin'an during 1127-1142

梁偉基(Leung Wai Kei)

《中國文化研究所學報》 41期 (2001/01) Pp. 33-62

https://doi.org/10.29708/JCS.CUHK.200101_(41).0002

並列摘要

In January 1127, the Jurchen cavalry invaded southward and captured Kaifeng開封, the capital of the Northern Song dynasty(960-1127).Emperors Huizong (r. 1101-1125)and Qinzong (r. 1126-1127), along with many imperial household members, were taken prisoners. Although Huizong's son, Zhao Gou, the future Emperor Gaozong (r. 1127-1161) of the Southern Song, was enthroned at Yingtian Fu 應天府, the new regime was forced to retreat southward, eventually fleeing to the sea to escape the Jurchen pursuit. The location of a new national capital soon became a matter of urgency to be decided by Gaozong's court. Proposed sites included Nanyang南陽, Jiankang建康, Yangzhou揚州, Kaifeng, and cities in Sichuan四川 and Fujian福建. Gaozong settled for the relatively remote coastal city of Lin'an臨安. The decision was inspired by Lu Yihao's 呂頤浩 strategy of ＂avoiding Jurchen attacks by fleeing to the sea＂(航海避敵策) which was supported by Zhao Ding趙鼎, who became prime minister in 1138 after the mutiny of Li Qiong酈瓊. That Gaozong preferred Lin'an, as the author explains in this paper, was because he wanted to exert control over the vital economic hinterland of the Taihu太湖 region, thus to merge the shrunken empire's political-military centre with its economic centre. What types of officials were to be appointed to administer Lin'an? This is an important, though overlooked, question. The present paper analyzes the career pattern of the prefects(Zhifu知府) of Lin'an during the period 1127-1142 and finds that these prefects were officials skilled in economic matters and fiscal management, especially those who were promoted from the Fiscal Commission of the Liang Zhe Curcuit (Liang Zhe lu zhuanyun si兩浙路轉運司).