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臺灣北部高山湖泊−鴛鴦湖湖沼生物學之調查
Limno-boiological survey of the Lake Yuanyang at the northern Taiwan
摘要
1.臺灣北部鴛鴦湖位於中央山脈上，為海拔高度1670公尺的高山湖泊，地理位置北緯24°35'，東經121°23'40＂。湖形為往東西方向延伸，長徑約585公尺，最大寬度135公尺，最小之處僅20餘公尺。湖的面積有3.74公頃，最大深度4.3公尺，總容積53430立方公尺，東半部較淺，在1公尺以內。2.砌的四周為廣闊的原生林，高等維管束植物共61科158種，由於湖四周的氣溫較高，可見到許多的苔蘇類及羊齒植物，蕨類商數Ptph-Q=38x25/117=8.1，為一相當高的數值。湖的淺水區面積大加上周邊的濕地發達，以東亞黑三稜為首的濕性水生植物在此區域極為繁茂。3.由於本湖接近中央山脈的脊梁，各個流入湖內的小水流，其流量都很小，因此有成層現象產生，而其變溫層在水深1-3公尺處，水深超過3公尺時水溫低溶氧量極小，此乃因四週流入的腐植質分解時耗去大量溶氧所導致。同時，底層的鹼度及鐵離子濃度也較高。4.在調查期間有見到鴛鴦，因此認為冬季時會有許多鴨類集中於此。魚類僅有採到泥鰍一種。浮游生物的量並不多，較常見的是Dinobryon及劍水蚤亞目的無節幼蟲。5.整體而言， 此湖屬於些許腐植性的中營養湖。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
The Lake Yuanyang(mandarin duck lake) is located at 24°35' N and 121°3' 40＂ E, extending from east to west, on the northern part of the Formosan backbone moutains of 1670m above sea level. The geographical outline of this lake are as follows: maximum 585m, maximum width 135m. Area of the water surface 3.74 ha ; depth 4.3m; total capacity 53430m^3 Natural forest has covered around the lake shore. There are about 158 species of vascular plants in the nature forest, which belongs to 61 families. The hihg Ptph-Q value of ferns is 38x25/177=8.1. Sparganium fallax is the most abundant species of the well developed hydropytic communities in the srallow water and wet areas. The thermalcline was found at the depth between I-3m, and the temperature and dissolved oxygen were become lower while the depth were under 3 meters from the lake surface. The Fe ions and alkaline value were higher in the bottom water. This lake is one of the important natural habitates of the mandarinduck Aix gareliculata. 47 species of birds and 25 species of butterflies and only one species of fish were recorded around and in this lake.