- 期刊
- OpenAccess
A New Miocene Fossil Fish Sphyraena tsengi (Pisces: Perciformes) from Taiwan
臺灣中新世產化石新種曾氏金梭魚(Sphyraena tsengi n. sp.)
摘要
This report describes a new barracuda fish from the Nan-chuang Formation, Miocene, Chia-hsian County, Kaohsiung Hsien, Southern Taiwan. This fossil fish, was nominated as Sphyraena tsengi sp. nov., belongs to the Family Sphyraenidae, Order Perciformes. Its total length is 25.05cm, and body depth is 4.79cm. It belongs to the genus sphyraena based on its large mouth, elongated body, beardedlike epiotic bone and sharp head. It is differentiated from modern sphyraenids in having more than 30 vertebrae (most of the living sphyraenoids have 24 vertebrae); shorter vertebral segments and wider body. This fish possibly lived in warm and shallow oceanic waters. It is the oldest fossil fish that was recovered from Taiwan island.
並列摘要
本報告紀錄新種化石魚，曾氏金梭魚(Sphyraena tsengi n. sp)標本採自高雄縣甲仙鄉。為一近於完整的化石魚標本。全長為25.05cm最大體高為4.79cm（復原後體長約27.18cm，體高約4.51cm）。其分類位置屬鱸目(Order Perciformes)金梭魚亞目(Suborder Sphyraenoidei)，金梭魚科(Family Sphyraenidae)，金梭魚屬(Genus Sphyranea)稱為曾氏金梭魚(Sphyraena tsengi n. sp)。此新種命名的由來是為紀念標本採集者及提供者，甲仙鄉鄉公所秘書曾德明先生。化石魚的地質年代為中新世，屬南莊層。它的主要特徵為體呈圓柱形，頭長口大，上耳骨後部有鬚狀構造。以上三點與現生金梭魚有最大的相似，故定為金梭魚屬Genus Sphyraena。其它相關特徵不明，如第一及第二背鰭失去，胸鰭，腹鰭及腎鰭部分存在，曾氏金梭魚與現生金梭魚最大的不同是脊椎骨數目較多，約30個以上；脊椎骨椎體較短，體寬較大，其生存年代可能為暖水與現代的赤道及亞熱帶太平洋温度類似。水深約50到100公尺之間。海水底質為粗砂質類。此曾氏金梭魚是臺灣已發現的化石魚中地質年代最古老的一種。