从《老乞大》、《朴通事》看“吗”“嘛”“么”的来源

THE SOURCES OF MA 吗, MA 嘛, AND ME 么 AS SEEN IN LAO QIDA AND PIAO TONGSHI

张文丽(Zhang Wenli)

《Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series》 26期 (2016/12) Pp. 117-125

摘要

现代汉语中的“吗”“嘛”“么”，在朝鲜时期的汉语课本《老乞大》、《朴通事》中，都写作“麼”。虽然字形相同，但是本文认为“吗”“嘛”与“么”的来源却不一致。结合“麼”在《老乞大》、《朴通事》各个版本中的用法和读音，本文对“吗”“嘛”“么”的来源进行了考察。

關鍵字

《老乞大》 ； 《朴通事》 ； 麼 ； 吗 ； 嘛 ； 么

並列摘要

While ＂ma＂ 嗎, ＂ma＂ 嘛, and ＂me＂ 么 are all used differently in Modern Mandarin today, only ＂me＂ 麽 is found in the six editions of Lao Oida and Piao Tongshi, in contexts where we might expect all three to occur. Although these Mandarin textbooks used in Korea during the Choson Dynasty used a single form, ＂me＂ 麽, it presumably had different historical sources. This article attempts to present the different sources of ＂me＂ 麽 in Lao Qida and Piao Tongshi in order to clarify the origins of ＂ma＂ 吗, ＂ma＂ 嘛, and ＂me＂ 么.

並列關鍵字

Lao Qida ； Piao Tongshi ； ma麼 ； ma吗 ； ma嘛 ； me么