- 期刊
老人皮膚問題與日常生活功能及生活品質之關係探討
Exploring skin problems among elderly nursing home residents in Central Taiwan
摘要
目的：機構中老人行動能力及自我照顧能力不足而疏於皮膚照顧，老年人皮膚狀況易產生皮膚乾燥、紅疹、搔癢等問題及影響生活品質，因此皮膚之照護問題更值得重視。本研究旨在探討養護機構住民常見的皮膚相關問題。方法：採立意取樣，以中部某養護機構住民65歲以上的老人作為問卷填寫的對象，共收案116位。以自擬之結構式問卷「高齡長者皮膚問卷調查」，內容包含基本資料、疾病史、生活習慣、皮膚問題評估、長期服藥、居住環境評估、日常生活活動功能、生活品質及健康狀況。結果：顯示機構老人因皮膚問題就醫者占43.5%，最常見的皮膚問題以搔癢居多，紅疹次之，第三則是皮膚乾燥。獨立樣本t檢定結果顯示曾有皮膚問題者的日常生活功能、工具性日常生活功能分數遠低於沒有皮膚問題狀況者且具顯著差異。結論：由此可見，皮膚問題影響機構老人自覺之健康生活品質，而自我照顧能力、行動能力是重要之相關因素。建議未來應建置機構老人皮膚照護標準，針對沐浴次數、身體清潔用品、皮膚潤膚用品等進行規範，期藉此提升機構護理人員重視老人皮膚問題，改善機構老人之皮膚乾燥搔癢問題，提升其生活品質及機構照護成效。
並列摘要
Aging is an inevitable and irreversible process in life, and skin aging leads to problems that can affect quality of life, such as dry skin, rash, and itching. For elderly nursing home residents, skin care skills are closely associated with their mobility and self-care ability. The study was conducted to explore common skin-related problems among elderly nursing home residents. Based on purposive sample, 116 residents aged 65 or older in nursing homes in Central Taiwan were enrolled for a questionnaire survey. The structured "Survey on Elderly Skin Problems" questionnaire included basic information, health history, skin problems, activities of daily living, quality of life and health status. 43.5% of the surveyed elderly sought medical assistance due to skin problems, the most common of which were pruritus, followed respectively by rash and dry skin. As indicated by the results of independent sample T test, the daily function and complexity of daily life function scores, as well as the scores in ED-VAS and EQ-5D, of the surveyed elderly with skin problems were lower than those of their "no skin problem" counterparts. It can be seen that skin problems affect the self-perceived quality of life of the elderly, self-care ability and mobility are important factors. It is recommended that standards of skin care for the elderly should be developed with the number of baths, body cleansing products, skin moisturizers, and other related issues regulated to raises nurses' awareness of skin problems, improve skin care, promote quality of life of elderly nursing home residents, and enhance the effectiveness of institutional care.