- 期刊
THE HEAD IN WO PAO DE KUAI
“我跑得快”的主要謂語動詞
摘要
How to analyze the resultative construction in Chinese is one of the long-disputed topics in the literature of Chinese syntax. The issue centers on whether the first verb (V1) or the second verb (V2) should be treated as the head verb in the construction. Six cross-linguistic properties characterizing HEAD are reviewed and five of them are shown to be generalizable to Chinese: semantic functor, subcategorizand, morphosyntactic locus, distributional equivalent, and obligatory element. These properties demonstrate that it is V1, and not V2, that should be analyzed as the head of the resultative construction - a conclusion which leads to some satisfying consequences concerning the utility of the discourse information center and the constraint on the verbal subcategorization frame in Chinese.
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
怎樣分析漢語“得＂字動補結構“我跑得快＂是中文句法界長期爭論不休的一個問題。爭論的焦點在於把“跑＂還是“快＂分析成為該結構的主要謂語動詞(head)。本文研究了人類語言主要謂語動詞的六項特征，並論證其中五項適用於漢語。這五項特征是句法結構中語義功能的作用者(semantic functor)，次範疇的支配者(sub-categorizand)，構詞形態詞幹(morpho-syntactic locus)，分佈上的同等結構(distributional equivalent)以及構句必要成份(obligatory element)。這些特徵表明“得＂字結構的主要謂語動詞是第一個動詞“跑＂，而不是第二個動詞“快＂。本文的結論還有助於探討漢語中其他兩個概念。語言信息中心(information center)的功用和動詞次範疇所受的約束(verbal subcategorization constraint)。