- 期刊
A UNIFIED STUDY OF VERBAL AND ADJECTIVAL-HAA5 IN CANTONESE
粤语动词和形容词短语后缀“-吓”的统一分析
摘要
-Haa5 ( 吓) 'a bit' is a frequently used affix attached to verbal and adjectival phrases in Cantonese. The investigation of the distributions, grammatical properties and functions of -haa5 reveals that all usages of -haa5 are derived from its original meaning 'a stroke, a bit, or a tiny amount'. The distributions of -haa5 are highly restricted: predicates eligible to co-occur with -haa5 are verbs/adjectives with an innate event/degree argument, excluding those whose semantics are of extreme/polarity reading. The function of -haa5 is to delimit events when following verb phrases (henceforth VPs) and make slight adjustments of degree when attached to adjective phrases (henceforth APs). Moreover, -haa5 is of the function of subjectivity encoding. -Haa5 has been grammaticalized from a verb classifier, event delimiter/degree adjuster to a subjectivity marker and is syntactically at the left periphery of the extended projection of predicative lexical categories.
並列摘要
“－吓”是粤语动词和形容词短语之后经常出现的一个后缀。通过对“－吓”的句法分布、语法性质和功能的研究，本文发现“－吓”的所有用法都源自其“一下”的初始意义。“－吓”的句法分布非常受限：能与“－吓”合法共现的谓词都是内含事件／程度论元的动词／形容词，并且这些谓词不能包含极限／极项意义。当附着在动词短语之后时，“－吓”的功能是切分事件，当它出现在形容词短语后时，其作用是对形容词表达的程度意义进行细微调整。除此之外，“－吓”还能表达说话者的主观判断。我们认为粤语的“－吓”已经完成了从动量词、事件切分／程度调节成分到主观性标记的语法化，它在句法上处于谓词性词汇短语扩展投射的左边界位置。