- 期刊
AN ONGOING TONAL-PATTERN CHANGE: LANZHOU DIALECT
兰州方言：一个正在变化中的声调格局
摘要
The tonal-pattern of Lanzhou dialect is experiencing a change demonstrated in two aspects: a) Yin-ping 阴平(T1a) has two variants, falling and level, and the former is being replaced by the latter; b) Shang-sheng 上声(T2) and Qu-sheng 去声(T3) are merging. We propose that the tonal change of T1a is partially a result of language contact, and the sandhi T1a from initial position of disyllabic combination also plays a role in extending the level tone to the citation T1a, the change of T1a then further triggers the merger of T2 and T3. Yet whether it is the change of sandhi T1a in the initial position or the change of the surface representation of citation T1a, or the merger of T2 and T3, all the directionality of tonal change is in line with the "clockwise tone shift circle" (Zhu et al. 2015; Yang and Xu 2019). We argue that tone changes are mainly due to internal factors. Although there are external stimuli, the path of tone change follows rules. The illustration of the ongoing tonal-pattern change in Lanzhou dialect will shed light on the understanding of the rules.
並列摘要
兰州方言的声调变化表现在两个方面：阴平（T1a）有降调和平调两种变体，并且平调正在取代降调；上声（T2）和去声（T3）有合并的趋势。文章的主要观点认为T1a的声调变化是由语言接触引发的，普通话的影响促使双字调中已经发生变调内化的T1a首字将平调扩散延展到单字调T1a和双字调的尾字T1a上。T1a的声调变化进一步引发了T2和T3的合并。在上述的三个变化中：双字调首字T1a的内在音系变化、单字调T1a的后续变化、T2和T3的合并，所有这些声调变化的方向都符合“顺时针声调变化圈”（Zhu et al. 2015;Yang and Xu 2019）。我们认为声调的变化方向主要由内在的自然因素决定的，虽然有时会有外因的刺激诱发，但声调变化的路径是有规律可循的。对于正在变化的兰州声调进行研究，会有助于对上述规律的理解。