由于其争议性较大(无论在细节还是在主题上),不义管家的比喻是耶稣比喻中最难解的经文之一,也是学者讨论最为丰富的经文之一。简单地讲,出于对16:8a-13的不同理解,学者们的诠释可以分为两个阵营,一派认为16:8a-13是对管家行动的真赞美,而另一派则认为只是一种讽刺性的批评。由于第一阵营的诠释(财富使用)有最强有力的经文支持(αδικίας表明本文认为管家的行动并不诚实,μαμωνας的三次出现表明财富是本节的讨论重点),本文将沿着这一诠释思路,在结合文本上下文处境和当时社会文化处境(朋友关系和管家职分)的基础上,讨论这段经文作为门徒观教导的一部分,如何借用并重新诠释罗马社会的朋友关系和管家职分,将耶稣有关门徒财富观的教导传递给富人,教导他们认识到自己只是钱财的管家,勉励他们把握机会正确地使用钱财,以获得永生的回报。
The parable of the unrighteous steward (Luke 16: 1-13) is one of the most perplexed episode among the parables of Jesus, as well as one of the most discussed episode among the scholars, due to its controversial theme and details. In general, the interpretations of the scholars can be divided into two categories on the hasis of the understanding of Luke 16: 8a-13. Some scholars regard Luke 16: 8a-13 as true praise, while others view it as ironical critics. Because the first opinion has strong text evidence (αδικίας indicates that the behaviors of the steward is not righteous, and μαμωνας appears three times, which shows that the key point of this episode is the issue of the wealth), this paper will adopt the first opinion and deepen it with the analysis of the immediate context and social context of the episode. We attempt to present that Luke borrows and re-interprets the concept of friendship and stewardship in Roman culture, to exhort them that they are only the stewards of their wealth and shall manage it rightly to gain the return.