- 期刊
纪元初期犹太教与基督教的相互影响
How Judaism & Christianity Influenced Each Other in the Early Centuries
摘要
本文主要讨论基督教的犹太教渊源和犹太教的基督教渊源。在纪元初期，二者互相影响。在神学中心议题上，二者相互借鉴，使对方的一些宗教信仰元素为我所用，摒弃其他元素或创造自己的与之对应的元素。众所周知，早期基督教有着犹太教背景，但只有最后一代学者承认，拉比犹太教是通过与基督教会的论战并辩证地接纳了对方的优点而形成的。六、七世纪的犹太会堂不同于一世纪多元的犹太教－拉比犹太教徒有意识地与犹太基督徒进行分离，后来又与康斯坦丁时代的皇家教堂划清界限，自公元326年始，强势地出现在巴勒斯坦。此外，大量犹太基督徒将犹太传统和作品传播到更多的非犹太人占主导地位的教堂中，最终，那些犹太基督徒受到基督教堂和犹太会堂的双向排挤而消失。
並列摘要
The article deals with the Jewish roots of Christianity and the Christian roots of Judaism. These two religions interacted with each other in the early centuries. Each learned from the other, adapted some of his faith elements, rejected other elements or created one's own counter-image of central theological issues of the other. While it is common knowledge that the early church developed from a Jewish background, only the last generation of scholarship has acknowledged how deeply rabbinic Judaism is formed through a polemic reception vis-a-vis the church. Synagogal Judaism of the 6-7th centuries is different from the more pluriform Judaism of the first century-rabbinic Judaism develops in a conscious departure from the Jewish Christians and later from the imperial church of the Constantine era, powerfully present in Palestine from 326. Further, Jewish Christians were important transmitters of Jewish tradition and writings into the more gentile-dominated church, the same Jewish Christians were later squeezed between church and synagogue and ultimately disappeared.